问题 材料题

我们现在正用“新经济政策”来改正我们的许多错误,我们正在学习怎样在一个小农国家里进一步建设社会主义大厦而不犯这些错误。

请回答:

(1)“新经济政策”是相对于什么政策而言?当时的苏俄领导人是谁?此政策是在什么背景下实行的?

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(2)新经济政策在农业方面与旧政策相比有何变化?取到怎样的效果?

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(3)苏联在社会主义建设过程中取得了怎样的成就?

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(4)在社会主义建设中逐渐形成了斯大林模式,请你以苏联工业化和农业集体化建设为例,分析这一体制的利弊和产生的影响。

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答案

(1)战时 * * 主义政策;列宁;背景:三年国内战争结束后,进入和平建设时期,苏维埃 * * 面临着新的困难和危机。列宁从实际出发,放弃用战时 * * 主义政策直接过渡到社会主义的设想,认为必须改变经济政策。

(2)用粮食税代替余粮征集制,农民交税后可自由处理自己的粮食。效果:纳税后的余粮归自己支配,农民的生产积极性大大提高。

(3)两个五年计划(1928~1937年)完成后,苏联由传统的农业国变成强盛的工业国,国防力量也大大加强。同时苏联加快了实现农业集体化的步伐。苏联在1936年通过新宪法,宣布“工农社会主义国家”建成。

(4)弊端:优先发展重工业,导致农业长期处于落后状态;在计划经济体制下,片面强调产值和产量,造成了产品品种少、质量差;国家从农民手中拿走的东西太多,严重损害了广大农民的利益,农民没有生产积极性,农业产量长期停滞不前;经济发展粗放,经济效益低下,资源浪费严重等。影响:在经济上和政治上的弊端严重阻碍了苏联经济的进一步发展。

完形填空

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。将答案写在答题纸上。

Dream is a semi-conscious state where we have absolutely no control over our thoughts and expressions.  小题1: Maybe the answer is "yes", but it may be "No".

Research proves that all of us dream at least twice or more in our sleep though we may not remember when we get up.  小题2: Within 10 minutes, almost all dreams are forgotten.

People who are blind from birth dream, too.  小题3: During Roman era some dreams were even discussed and interpreted in the senate as the dream was considered to be a God sent message for the mankind. Clear dreams are considered those dreams where persons can take full or partial control of their dreams.

 小题4: Writing down and keeping track of your dreams is very important. Second thing is noticing signs or triggers (刺激物) that can help us stay aware that we are in dreaming state. Once we start dreaming clearly we could control the imaginary experiences in the dream environment.  小题5: An interesting fact is that our body is paralyzed(不动弹)during our sleep probably to prevent the body from acting out dreams.

A. In 5 minutes of waking, half of our dream is forgotten.

B. It is just that the dreams of these individuals are formed by other senses such as the touch, smell, sound and C. taste.

C. The content and purpose of dreams are not fully understood.

D. Most important fact in order to be aware that we are dreaming is practice.

E. Do you know that most of us spend six years or more of our lifetime dreaming?

F. This is extremely important for people that have nightmares.

G. This means that the brain mainly works with signals from itself.

单项选择题