问题 问答题

小芳和妈妈一起去商场购买电热水器,售货员向她们推荐一种“速热变容式”热水器.这种电热水器有两种加热模式:当少量用水时,使甩“半胆加热”模式,只用上面的加热棒加热上半胆水;而当需要的热水量较大时,热水器便启动“整胆加热”模式,使用上、下两根加热棒同时加热.下表为该热水器的铭牌,请根据有关数据作答.

商品名称额定压强加热功率配送质量容量最高加热

温度

效率
××加热器0.8Mpa半胆1000W

整胆2000W

30kg半胆40L

整胆80L

80℃80%
(1)请你判断使用“整胆加热”模式时两根电加热棒的电路连接方式.

(2)使用电热水器“整胆加热”模式时,若使水温从20℃升高到60℃,水需要吸收多少热量?电热水器需要加热多长时间?[c=4.2×103J/(kg•℃),ρ=1.0×103kg/m3].

答案

(1)由公式Q=W=

U2
R
t可知,当电热器两端的电压和通电时间一定时,要产生较多的热量,需要使电路的电阻较小,所以必须使两根加热棒并联;

(2)水的质量:

m=ρV=1.0×103kg/m3×80×10-3m3=80kg,

水吸收的热量:

Q=cm(t-t0)=4.2×103J/(kg•℃)×80kg×(60℃-20℃)=1.344×107J;

∵η=

Q
W

W=

Q
η
=
1.344×107J
80%
=1.68×107J,

电热水器需要加热时间:

t=

W
P
=
1.68×107J
2000W
=8400S=140min.

答:(1)使用“整胆加热”模式时,两根电加热棒的电路连接方式是并联;

(2)使用电热水器“整胆加热”模式时,若使水温从20℃升高到60℃,水需要吸收1.344×107J的热量;

电热水器需要加热140min.

完形填空
完形填空。
     Is there a job for you after college? What does the world of work hold in store for you? That   1   in large
measure on who you are.
     If you've enjoyed your studies in English and history,   2  , you'll be glad to know that in a recent survey
by Hobart and William Smith Colleges in New York State, a majority of CEOs said the liberal arts (文科) are
essential for   3   critical thinking and problem-solving skills. If you thought college was for acquiring specific
work skills, only 37 percent of the CEOs in the survey agree with you.
     If you plan to start your career as a secretary, be aware that this job is-undergoing tremendous   4  . In
offices where secretaries have not already been eliminated, the   5   role of a clerk is now unrecognizable.
Most bosses   6   their own mails and meetings and travel plans, thanks to e-mail and the Internet, so secretaries
are   7   taking on higher-level tasks such as drafting contracts and handling customer service problems. Those
willing to expand their   8   should do well.
     If you are a woman interested in law enforcement (执法), note that some states and cities are working hard
to reach   9   standards for female applicants. Although most small suburban police departments are deeply
traditional, and some are  10  even to employ women, among the nation's largest forces about 15 percent of the
officers are female, five times as many as a generation ago.
     Degrees in sports management are also  11 . Two hundred U.S. colleges and universities, 10 times as many
as in 1985, now  12  undergraduate courses in sports management, and some have advanced degree programs.
At some schools you can also combine an MBA in sports management with a law degree. 
      13 , if you've set your sights on a traditional MBA, take heart. MBA recruitment (招聘) is way up, and
salaries are  14 . But money isn't all today's MBAs are looking for. A recent study of nearly l, 800 MBA students
in the United States and Canada found that 68 percent  15  the statement, "My family will always be more
important than my career."
( )1. A.concentrates 
( )2. A.by comparison
( )3. A.developing   
( )4. A.troubles     
( )5. A.active       
( )6. A.await        
( )7. A.increasingly 
( )8. A.horizons     
( )9. A.medium       
( )10. A.keen        
( )11. A.on display  
( )12. A.cancel      
( )13. A.Contrarily  
( )14. A.competitive 
( )15. A.give out    
B. depends      
B. as a result  
B. discouraging 
B. pains        
B. small        
B. handle       
B. unwillingly  
B. activities   
B. high         
B. resolved     
B. at an end    
B. offer        
B. Consequently   
B. moderate     
B. agree with   
C. takes       
C. for instance
C. confirming  
C. tests       
C. useful      
C. transfer    
C. diligently  
C. organizations
C. fair        
C. reluctant   
C. at rest     
C. register    
C. Finally     
C. fixed       
C. wonder about    
D. passes        
D. in return     
D. appreciating  
D. changes       
D. traditional   
D. classify     
D. intentionally              
D. operations    
D. legal         
D. qualified     
D. on the rise   
D. drop          
D. Strictly      
D. regular       
D. focus on      
填空题