问题 阅读理解

In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenzalike cases. Influenza is sometimes called “flu”or a “bad cold”. He took samples from the throats of patients in his hospital and was able to find the virus(病毒)of this influenza.

There are three main types of influenza virus. The most important of these are types A and B, each of them having several sub-groups(亚群). At the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was because of a virus group A, but he did not know the sub-group. He reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W. H. O. published the important news together with reports of the same kind of outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 15%~20% of the population had become ill.

As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, they began to test them. They found that they could reproduce themselves at a very high speed. Continuing their careful tests, the doctor checked the effect of medicine used against all the known sub-groups of type A virus. On this virus, none of them was of any use.

Having separated the virus, the two doctors now made tests on some selected seleceted animals. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments showed that the new virus spread easily, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like the general public, called it simply “Asian flu”.

小题1: The Asian flu mentioned in the passage ____.       [    ]

A.had something to do with a virus group B

B.was reported to W. H. O in Geneva by a doctor in Hong Kong

C.broke out not only in Singapore but also in Hong Kong

D.was taken from the throats of the patients in a hospital in Singapore小题2:London doctors considered ____.  [    ]

A.Asian flu as a bad cold

B.there were three main types of influenza

C.it was necessary to test the other groups of virus besides group A

D.the influenza called “Asian flu”a new one小题3:The Singapore doctor helped the world by ____.  [    ]

A.making those with Asian flu well again

B.killing the virus that caused Asian flu

C.finding the sub-group of the virus

D.reporting the outbreak of Geneva小题4: The Asian flu virus ____.       [    ]

A.was a killer

B.was very weak

C.could reproduce very quickly

D.died very fast

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:D

小题4:C

小题1:本文第一段介绍新加坡一位医生注意到医院在治疗流行性感冒数目很大的病例, 第二段交代:世界卫生组织将这一消息连同来自香港出现的同类感冒传播的报告同时公布。

小题2:文章最后一段交代:通过英国的两名医生在动物身上做试验, 显示同被称之为“亚洲流行性感冒”由一种易传播的新病毒引起。

小题3:文章第二段描述新加坡医生发现流行性感冒的传播之后, 即向世界卫生组织予以报告。

小题4:由最后一段:These experiments showed that the new virus spread easily可知答案。

选择题
单项选择题

El Nino is the term used for the period when sea surface temperatures are above normal off the South American coast along the equatorial Pacific, sometimes called the Earth’s heartbeat, and is a dramatic but mysterious climate system that periodically rages across the Pacific.

El Nino means "the little boy" or "the Christ child" in Spanish, and is so called because its warm current is felt along coastal Peru and Ecuador around Christmas. But the local warming is just part of an intricate set of changes in the ocean and atmosphere across the tropical Pacific, which covers a third of the Earth’s circumference. Its intensity is such that it affects temperatures, storm tracks and rainfall around the world.

Droughts in Africa and Australia, tropical storms in the Pacific, torrential rains along the Californian coast and lush greening of Peruvian deserts have all been ascribed to the whim of EI Nino. Until recently it has been returning about every three to five years. But recently it has become more frequent--for the first time on record it has returned for a fourth consecutive year--and at the same time a giant pool of unusually warm water has settled down in the middle of the Pacific and is showing no signs of moving.

Climatologists don’t yet know why, though some are saying these aberrations may signal a worldwide change in climate. The problem is that nobody really seems sure what causes the El Nin o to start up, and what makes some per than others. And this makes it particularly hard to explain why it has suddenly started behaving so differently.

In the absence of EI Nino and its cold counterpart, La Nina, conditions in the tropical eastern Pacific are the opposite of those in the west. the east is cool and dry, while the west is hot and wet. In the east, it’s the winds and currents that keep things cool. It works like this. Strong, steady winds, called trade winds, blowing west across the Pacific drag the surface water along with them. The varying influence of the Earth’s rotation at different latitudes, known as the Coriolis effect, causes these surface winds and water to veer towards the poles, north in the northern hemisphere and south in the southern hemisphere. The surface water is replaced by colder water from deeper in the ocean in a process known as upwelling.

The cold surface water in turn chills the air above it. This cold dense air cannot rise high enough for water vapor to condense into clouds. The dense air creates an area of high pressure so that the atmosphere over the equatorial eastern Pacific is essentially devoid of rainfall.

It can be inferred that when EI Nino and La Nina occurs simultaneously,()

A. the Coriolis effect may bring trade winds to the poles

B. the atmosphere in the Pacific will be cool and dry

C. the conditions in the eastern Pacific would be hot and wet

D. the cold vapor will rise high enough to make for rainfall