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问题 选择题
电气化铁路的输电线常用图所示的方式悬挂在钢缆上．钢缆的A端固定在电杆上，B端连接在滑轮组上．滑轮组由a、b、c三个滑轮构成，配重P由多个混凝土圆盘悬挂在一起组成，配重的总重为G，若不计摩擦和滑轮的重量，则以下说法中正确的是（　　）

A．a为动滑轮，B端钢缆受到滑轮组的拉力大小约为3G

B．a为动滑轮，B端钢缆受到滑轮组的拉力大小约为G

C．a、c为动滑轮，B端钢缆受到滑轮组的拉力大小约为3G

D．a、c为动滑轮，B端钢缆受到滑轮组的拉力大小约为G

答案

答案：A

综合题

民主与法制是人类几千年文明积淀的精华，是优秀的政治文化遗产。

阅读以下材料回答问题：

材料一我们的制度之所以被称为民主政治，因为 * * 是在全体公民的手中，而不是在少数人手中。          

——伯里克利《在阵亡将士国葬礼上的演说》（公元前5世纪）

材料二“凡未经议会同意，以国王权威停止法律或停止法律实施之僭越权力，为非法权力。”“未经议会准许，借口国王特权，为国王而征收，或供国王使用而征收金钱，超过议会准许之时限或方式者，皆为非法，”“议会之选举应是自由的。”

材料三“本宪法所授与之立法权，均属于由参议院与众议院组成之合众国国会。众议院以各州人民每二年所选举之议员组织之。……行 * * 属于合众国大总统。大总统之任期为四年，同任副总统之任期亦然，大总统与副总统，应依照手续选举之。”

（1）根据所学知识回答，伯里克利时期民主政治的主要机构有哪些？（3分）

（2）材料二和材料三分别出自欧美国家的什么政治文献?（4分）

（3）指出材料二和材料三所在国家分别确立了何种民主政治体制？并分析民主政治体制的确立对两国发展产生的相同影响。（6）
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问答题

Task 5
Directions: There is an article below. After rending it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No. 56 to No. 60) that follow. The answers (in not more than 3 words) should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.
The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are as closely related as the lips and teeth. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without investigating the market first. In the international market, goods on sale coming from countries and suppliers are always facing fierce competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions.
In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting, what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc.
Then, how can we obtain such information There are many channels we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor’s offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad quite often. One of their purposes is to make market survey on the spot. Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessman are important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fair of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessman provide us with such opportunity.

What is the role of market investigation in sales promotion It is ______ .
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