问题 填空题

将2molI2(g)和1molH2置于某2L密闭容器中,在一定温度下发生反应: I2(g)+H2(g)2HI(g);△H<0,并达平衡,HI的体积分数ω(HI)随时间变化如图曲线(II)所示

(1)达平衡时,I2(g)的物质的量浓度为___________ 。

(2)若改变反应条件下,在甲条件下ω(HI)的变化如图曲线(I)所示,在乙条件下ω(HI)的变化如图曲线(III)所示。则甲条件可能是________(填入下列条件的序号。下同),乙条件可能是______。

①恒温条件下,扩大反应容器体积

②恒容条件下,降低温度

③恒温条件下,缩小反应容器体积

④恒容条件下,升高温度

⑤恒温恒容条件下,加入适当催化剂

(3)若保持温度不变,在另一相同的2L密闭容器中加入a mol I2(g)、b mol H2和c mol HI(a、b、c 均大于0),发生反应,达平衡时,HI的体积分数仍为0.60,则a、b、c的关系是______________ 。

答案

(1)0.05mol/L

(2)③⑤;①

(3)4b+c=2a

完形填空

阅读下面短文并回答问题,然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。

[1]Oops! In your rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or decide it’s still OK to eat? If you’re like most people, you eat it. Maybe you follow the “5-second rule”, which claims foods are safe to eat, if you pick them up within 5 seconds of dropping them. But you might want to think again. Scientists now say that 5 seconds are all it takes for foods to become contaminated with enough bacteria to make you sick.

[2]Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If we eat foods on which these bacteria are growing, we can become sick. One of these food-borne bacteria is Salmonella. It makes 1.4 million people sick every year. Earlier this year, 370 people became sick after eating peanut butter that had been contaminated with Salmonella at the manufacturing factory. Salmonella are often found in raw eggs and chicken. Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods carefully.

[3]Being a good housekeeper is another good way to prevent infection. If household surfaces aren’t washed thoroughly, they can support Salmonella for weeks. A team of scientists at Clemson University in South Carolina have tested the 5-second rule, using sandwich ingredients. First, they placed a known amount of Salmonella cells on three surfaces: wood, tile, and carpet. They then placed a slice of bread and a slice of bologna(博洛尼亚大红肠) on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 seconds. After just 5 seconds, both the bread and bologna picked up enough bacteria to make you sick.

[4]So forget the 5-second rule. If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh slice of bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop it!

小题1:What is the “5-second rule” mentioned in the first paragraph? (no more than 18 words)

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小题2:Why is it important for us to cook food carefully?(no more than 5 words)

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小题3:What advice is given to prevent infection in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)

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小题4:Why did the scientists at Clemson University carry out that test? (no more than 15 words.)

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小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards the 5-second rule? (one word)

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单项选择题