问题 阅读理解

If you have to miss a meal a day, which meal will cause you fewest health problems if you don’t eat it? If you have to make a decision of this type, most people (especially very busy people) will choose to skip breakfast.

However, many experts in the field of health consider breakfast ( the meal which “break” you “fast” ) to be the most important t meal of the day. If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor. However, many people skip breakfast or substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?

One recent study conducted in the United States tested a large number of people. Participants included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83. The results showed that if a person eats an adequate breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person’s work involves mental(脑力的) activities. The study showed that if school-children eat fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate (集中)on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast is inadequate.

The study also showed that contrary to what people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you want to lose weight, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will likely lose more weight if you decrease your other meals.

小题1:According to experts, breakfast is the most important meal of the day because _____.

A.a good breakfast breaks you down fast

B.you’ll lose weight quickly if you skip breakfast

C.breakfast provides what a person needs to work

D.after a long night, you’ll feel very hungry小题2:The underlined part “substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal”(Para. 2) probably means _______.

A.to exchange a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal.

B.To drink a cup of coffee instead of a well balanced meal.

C.To change a cup of coffee into a well balanced meal.

D.To regard a cup of coffee as a well balanced meal.小题3:The example of school-children in para.3 shows that _______.

A.school-children will be quick and attentive all day if they eat breakfast

B.a proper breakfast will make mental workers more efficient

C.fruit, eggs, bread and milk are the best breakfast for mental workers

D.school-children who have breakfast are much brighter than those who don’t小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 4?

A.Some people skip breakfast because they want to be slimmer.

B.Most people who skip breakfast actually eat more for lunch.

C.People put on weight because they eat too much breakfast.

D.Skipping breakfast won’t help people who want to lose weight.小题5:The best title of the passage is _______.

A.How to Lose Weight

B.What’s a Healthy Diet

C.Surprising Results of a Study

D.Breakfast – A Meal That Breaks You Fast

答案

小题1:C

小题2:B

小题3:B

小题4:C

小题5:D

小题1:细节题。结合If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor.可选出答案。

小题2:推断题。However前讲的是吃早饭的重要性,However表转折,那划线部分则应是说明人们不吃早饭或没有意识到吃早饭的重要性。由此可知此处应是否定吃早饭的做法。

小题3:细节题。结合The results showed that if a person eats an adequate breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast.可知答案。此句是本段的中词句。

小题4:细节题。结合This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. 可知答案。不吃早饭的结果是“中午饭吃得太多,最终是变胖而不是减肥”。

小题5:标题题。全文讲的是“吃早饭的重要性及不吃早饭带来的后果”。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题

(三)背景资料:

某高速公路上下行分离式隧道,洞口间距40m,左线长3216m,右线长3100m,隧道最大埋深500m.进出口为浅埋段,IV级围岩,洞身地质条件复杂,地质报告指出,隧道穿越地层为三叠系底层,岩性主要为炭质泥岩、砂岩、泥岩砂岩互层,且有瓦斯设防段、涌水段和岩爆段,I、II、III级围岩大致各占1/3,节理裂隙发育,岩层十分破碎,且穿越一组背斜,在其褶曲轴部地带中的炭质泥岩及薄煤层中并存有瓦斯等有害气体,有瓦斯聚集涌出的可能,应对瓦斯重点设防,加强通风、瓦斯监测等工作。技术员甲认为全断面开挖发的特点是工作空间较小、施工速度快、便于施工组织和管理;且全断面开挖法具有较小的断面进尺比,每次爆破震动强度较小,爆破对围岩的震动次数少,有利于围岩的稳定。考虑到该隧道地质情况与进度要求,所以该隧道应采用全断面开挖。同时针对该隧道采用的新奥法施工,提出了“勤测量、紧封闭”的基本原则。

隧道施工过程中为防止发生塌方冒顶事故,项目部加强了施工监控量测,量测项目有地质和支护状况,锚杆或锚索内力及抗拔力、地表下沉、围岩体内位移、支护及衬砌内应力。项目部还实行安全目标管理,采取了一系列措施,要求进入隧道施工现场的所有人员必须经过专门的安全知识教育,接受安全技术交底;电钻钻眼应检查把手胶套的绝缘是否良好,电钻工应戴棉纱手套,穿绝缘胶鞋;爆破作业人员不能着化纤服装,炸药和雷管分别装在带盖的容器内用汽车一起运送;隧道开挖及衬砌作业地段的照明电器电压为110~220V.同时加强瓦斯等有毒有害气体的防治,通风设施由专职安全员兼管。隧道施工完成后,进行了供配电、照明系统设施的安装,其中变压器为油浸变压器,由于工期延误,变压器运到现场100天后才进行安装。电缆敷设在沟内时遵循了低压在上、高压在下的原则,敷设时还要求金属支架、导管必须接地(PE)或接零(PEN)可靠。在交通监控方面,隧道由监控分中心统一监控,监控中心设有完善的子系统,包括交通信号监控系统、视频监控系统、供配电监控系统、隧道照明控制系统、调度指令电话系统、有线广播系统等。

根据背景资料,油浸变压器安装前应做何处理?指出并改正电缆敷设的错误之处。