问题 材料题

公元1500年前后,割裂的世界开始连接在一起,第一次工业革命成就了英国的世界霸权,第二次工业革命美国抓 住了机遇后来居上;当今世界各国、各地区在生产、流通和消费等领域相互联系,相互渗透,使整个世界逐渐变成一个小小的“地球村”。 随着工业革命以及科学技术的发展,人们对于能源的需求也在不断提高,世界格 局也在随之变 化。请回答下列问题:

(1)使割裂的世界开始连在一起的是什么事件?

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(2)1790年至1850年英国煤产量逐年提高的主要原因是 什么?1870年至1900年世界石油产量提高与第二次工业革命哪些发明有关?

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(3)随着第一次工业革命的扩展,世界掀起了一股资产阶级改革和革命的潮流,请举出两个顺应潮流的事例。

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(4)使整个世界逐渐变成一个小小的“地球村”的根本原因是什么?

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(5)请谈谈你对科学技术及新能源利用的看法?

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答案

(1)新航路的开辟。

(2)瓦特燕汽机的广泛应用需要大量煤炭,煤炭成为重要的能源。内燃机、汽车和飞机的发明。

(3)俄国1861年农奴制改革、日本明治维新、美国南北战争(任答两个)。

(4)科学进步和生产力的提高(或第次科技革命的推动)。

(5)科学技术是一把双刃剑,合理科学的利用会造福人类,如果利用不台理,会给人类带来灾难,我们在趋利避害。新能源的使用既要考虑先进性,更要考虑它的安全性。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A new supermarket put on a notice inside the entrance. It said, "Remember, once a week, one of

our customers(顾客) gets free goods(things that cost nothing). This may be your lucky day!" All the

housewives who went to the supermarket had one great hope: to be the lucky customer who didn't have

to pay for her shopping.

     For several weeks Mrs Blake hoped to be the lucky customer. Unlike many other customers, she

never gave up hope. The cupboards in her kitchen were full of things she did not need. She dreamed of

the day, when the manager of the supermarket would come and say

to her, "Madam, this is your lucky day and everything in your basket is free."

     One Friday morning, after she finished her shopping and had taken all the things to her car, she found

that she had forgotten to buy tea. She went to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the

check-out. As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket come to her. "Madam," he said,

"congratulations! You are our lucky customer and everything in your basket is free!"

1. From the notice in the new supermarket, we know that _________.

A. customers could buy things at lower prices once a week

B. the customer who bought the least goods didn't have to pay

C. just one customer could get free goods once a week

D. the first customer who bought goods in the supermarket was the lucky one

2. What was Mrs Blake's hope?

A. To buy something cheaper in the supermarket.

B. To see the manager of the supermarket.

C. To buy everything she needed in the supermarket.

 D. To be the lucky customer.

3. Why did Mrs Blake go back to the market after her shopping?

A. Because she wanted to see who would be the lucky customer.

B. Because she forgot to buy one more thing.

C. Because she had to pay for her shopping.

D. Because she wanted to get another chance to be the lucky customer.

4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. The manager of the market was a clever businessman.

B. In fact the notice for free goods was a trick (诡计).

C. Mrs Blake's dream came true at last.

D. Mrs Blake did shopping every week in the past several weeks.

5. What would Mrs Blake probably say when she heard the manager's words?

A. "Oh, my God!"                    

B. "How lucky I am!"

C. "Bad luck!"                      

D. "It's very kind of you!"

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