问题 问答题

请简述长期债券融资的特点:

答案

参考答案:(1)债券筹资的优点
①资本成本低。由于债券的利息具有抵税作用;另外债券投资人比股票投资人的投资风险低,因此其要求的报酬率也较低,故公司债券的资本成本要低于普通股。
②具有财务杠杆作用。债券的利息是固定的费用,债券持有人除获取利息外,不能参与公司净利润的分配,因而具有财务杠杆作用,在息税前利润增加的情况下会使股东的收益以更快的速度增加。
③所筹集资金属于长期资金。发行债券所筹集的资金一般属于长期资金,可供企业在1年以上的时间内使用,这为企业安排投资项目提供了有力的资金支持。
④债券筹资的范围广、金额大。债券筹资的对象十分广泛,它既可以向各类银行或非银行金融机构筹资,也可以向其他法人单位、个人筹资,因此,筹资比较容易并可筹集较大金额的资金。
(2)债券筹资的缺点
①财务风险大。债券有固定的到期日和固定的利息支出,当企业资金周转出现困难时,容易陷入财务困境,甚至破产清算。
②限制性条款多,资金使用缺乏灵活性。因为债权人没有参与企业管理的权利,为了保障债权人的利益,通常会在债券合同中包括各种限制性条款,这些限制性条款会影响企业资金使用的灵活性。

单项选择题 A1型题
单项选择题

Walking through my train yesterday, staggering from my seat to the buffet and back, I counted five people reading Harry Potter novels. Not children-these were real grown-ups reading children’s books,
Maybe that would have been understandable. If these people had jumped whole-heartedly into a second childhood it would have made more sense. But they were card-carrying grown-ups with laptops and spreadsheets returning from sales meetings and seminars. Yet they chose to read a children’s book.
I don’t imagine you’ll find this headcount exceptional. You can no longer get on the London Tube and not see a Harry Potter book. Nor is it just the film; these throwback readers were out there in droves long before the movie campaign opened.
So who are these adult readers who have made JK Rowling the second-biggest female earner in Britain (after Madonna) As I have tramped along streets knee-deep in Harry Potter paperbacks, I’ve mentally slotted them into three groups.
First come the Never-Readers, whom Harry has enticed into opening a book. Is this a bad thing Probably not. Writing has many advantages over film, but it can never compete with its magnetic punch. If these books can re-establish the novel as a thrilling experience for some people, then this can only be for the better. If it takes obsession-level hype to lure them into a bookshop. that’s fine by me. But will they go on to read anything else Again, we can only hope.
The second group are the Occasional Readers. These people claim that tiredness, work and children allow them to read only a few books a year. Yet now—to be part of the crowd, to say they’ve read it—they put Harry Potter on their oh-so-select reading list. It’s infuriating, and maddening. Yes, I’m a writer myself, currently writing difficult, unreadable, hopefully unsettling novels, but there are so many other good books out there, so much rewarding, enlightening, enlarging works of fiction for adults; and yet these sad cases are swept along by the hype, the faddism, into reading a children’s book.
The third group are the Regular Readers, for whom Harry is sandwiched between McEwan (英国当代作家) and Balzac, Roth (德国现代诗人) and Dickens. This is the real baffler—what on earth do they get out of reading it Why bother But if they call rattle through it in a week just to say they ve been there—like going to Longleat (朗利特山庄英国名胜) or the Eiffel Tower—the worst they’re doing is encouraging others.

According to the author, the Never-Readers ______.

A.will take up reading as their lifelong hobby

B.have got more from the book than from the film

C.may barely get interested in other books than Harry Potter

D.can hardly be driven by the crowds to read any book