问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文言文,完成1-5题。

  民无廉耻,不可治也,非修礼义,廉耻不立。民不知礼义,法弗能正也,非崇善废丑,不向礼义。无法不可以为治也,不知礼义不可以行法。法能杀不孝者,而不能使人为孔、曾之行;法能刑窃盗者,而不能使人为伯夷之廉。孔子弟子七十,养徒三千人,皆入孝出悌,言为文章,行为仪表,教之所成也。墨子服役者百八十人,皆可使赴火蹈刃,死不还踵,化之所致也。

  夫刻肌肤,鑱皮革,被创流血,至难也,然越人为之以求荣也。圣王在上,明好恶以示之,经诽誉以导之,亲贤而进之,贱不肖而退之,无被创流血之苦,而有高世尊显之名,民孰不从?

  古者法设而不犯,刑措而不用,非可刑而不刑也;百工维时,庶绩咸熙,礼义修而任贤德也。英俊豪杰,各以小大之材处其位,得其宜,由本流未,以重制轻,则上唱而氏和,上动而下随,四海之内,一心同归,背贪鄙而向仁义。其于化民也,若风之摇草木,元之而不靡。

  今使患教知,使不肖临贤,虽严刑罚,民弗从也,小不能制大,弱不能使强也。故圣主举贤以立功,不肖主举其所与同。文王举太公望、召公失而王,桓公任管仲、隰朋而霸,此举贤以立功也。夫差用太宰豁而灭,秦任李斯、赵高而亡,此举所与同。

  故观其所举而治乱可见也,察其党与而贤不肖可论也。(取材于《淮南子·泰族训》)

  注释:①镵(chán):刺、刻。②熙:光明、兴盛。③临:统管、治理。

1.下列语句中加粗词语的解释,不正确的一项是(     )

A.法弗能也——正:正确

B.死不还——踵:脚后跟(还踵,指后退)……

C.上而民和——唱:倡导……

D.其党与——察:仔细看……

2.下列各组语句中加粗的词语,意义、用法都相同的一组是(     )

A.被创流血,难也——碧水东流此回

B.然越人为以求荣也——若风摇草木

C.百工维时,庶绩熙——群贤毕至,少长

D.圣王在上,明好恶示之——各小大之材处其位

3.下列语句括号中是补出的文字,补出后语句的意思不符合文意的一项是(     )

A.非崇善废丑,(则)不向礼义

B.无法不可以为治也,(故)不知礼义不可以行法

C.言为文章,行为仪表,(此)教之所成也

D.非可刑而不刑(之)也

4.下列语句编为四组,全部直接反映重礼义教化思想的一组是(     )

①法能刑窃盗者,而不能使人为伯夷之廉  ②无法不可以为治也,不知礼义不可以行法

③被创流血,至难也,然越人为之以求荣也 ④百工维时,庶绩咸熙,礼义修而任贤德也

⑤其于化民也,若风之摇草木,无之而不靡 ⑥入孝出悌,言为文章,行为仪表,教之所成也

A.①③⑤

B.①②⑤

C.②④⑥

D.③④⑥

5.下列的理解和分析,不符合文意的一项是(     )

A.礼义教化是国之大事,百姓知礼义国家才能兴盛。

B.小大之材各得其宜,才能一心同归,政通人和。

C.昏庸的君主只会任用那些对自己唯命是从的人。

D.治国离不开严刑峻法,否则就会人心涣散,乱象丛生。

答案

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.C

5.D

阅读理解

阅读文章,回答下列问题。

  Gift giving is different from culture to culture and person to person.

  When giving gifts, sometimes color is important. For example, for many

Chinese people around the world, red is a lucky color, and people often like to

wrap gifts in this color.

  However, did you know that in Korea, red is a color of death? That is why

you should not wrap your gifts in this color if you are giving a gift to a Korean

person.What about western countries? In western countries, the color of

wrapping paper is not really important. But color does matter when giving

flowers, especially roses. You should not give red roses to a western person you

don't know very well because they are a symbol of love.

  You could give yellow roses instead as these are a symbol of friendship.

You could also send pink roses as gifts to say thank you.

  What other things should you remember when giving gifts to someone from a

different culture? Well, one thing you should keep in mind is the person's religion

(宗教). When choosing a gift for a Muslim (穆斯林) or Jewish (犹太教的)

friend, you should never get food including pork, or things made from pigskin.

Another thing that you should not get for a Muslim person is alcohol (酒). 

1. In which country do people think red is the color of death?

    ___________________________________________________

2. How can we show our friendship to the western friends?

    ___________________________________________________

3. Can we give a Muslim friend a bottle of alcohol as a gift?

    ___________________________________________________

4. How many colors are mentioned (提到) in this passage?

    ___________________________________________________

5. What's the main idea of this passage?

   ___________________________________________________

判断题