问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文言文,完成1-5题。

吴江两节妇传

清· 戴名世

  吴江两节妇者,农家女也。姓许氏,家城西之石里村,长适张文达,次适周志达。岁乙酉,大清兵南下,公卿皆薙发迎降,浸寻及于吴江。文达固以负贩为生,至是从明之一二遗臣起事,荷戈为小卒,战败不屈死。其家不知其存亡,使志达往侦之,亦被执,令薙发,不从,遂见杀。是时长年二十九,次年十九,相与号泣,备寻其夫尸。会溽暑,尸积城下者累累,皆糜烂不可辨识,乃已。

  长既丧其夫,又无舅姑,其兄欲迎之归,谢曰:“吾夫虽死,然此固夫家也,义不可以归宁母氏。”次事其姑甚谨,姑怜而欲嫁之,涕泣被面谢曰:“新妇所以不死者,将代吾夫以事其母,讵可失节他适?”久之,姑得疾,且危,赖妇以存者又七年。及姑濒死,诀曰:“我死,依尔姊居。”既丧,家财归于周氏子弟,遂依姊以居;各处-室,各奉其夫之主而祀之。

  两人固农家女,善治田,共种田三亩以自给;舍旁有隙地,度可容两棺,为生圹以待死。吴俗多淫祠,好佛,妇人贫无依者,多为尼。有一老尼,教两人剃发以从其教。长曰:“不可!妇人之发,奈何与男子同去之?”次曰:“吾夫以不薙发死,而吾反薙之,何以见吾夫于地下?”岁甲戌,长年八十,次年七十,尚躬耕如曩时。乡之人悲之,请闻于有司,以旌其门。两人泣且谢曰:“吾姊妹不幸遭多难,廉耻自爱,何旌之有也?且又无后,将旌之以为谁荣乎?”乡之人卒不能强也。

  赞曰:吾尝读《顺治实录》记载,知大兵之初入关也,淄川人孙之獬即上表归诚,且言其家妇女俱已效国装。之獬在明时官列于九卿而江淮之间一介之士里巷之氓以不肯效国装死者头颅僵仆相望于道而不悔也。呜呼!彼孙氏之妇女,视许氏二女何如哉?(选自清·戴名世《吴江两节妇传》)

1.对下列句子中加粗词的解释,不正确的一项是(     )

A.长适张文达,次周志达——适:出嫁

B.不可以归宁母氏——义:道义

C.涕泣被面谢曰——被面:掩面

D.请闻于有司,以其门——旌:表彰

2.下列句中加粗词的意义和用法相同的一项是(     )

A.①皆糜烂不可辨识,已  ②今其智反不能及

B.①吾夫虽死,然此固夫家 ②人不堪其忧,回不改其乐

C.①共种田三亩自给    ②秦亦不城予赵

D.①何旌有也       ②句读不知,惑之不解

3.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,正确的一项是(     )

A.作者所描述的许氏两姐妹,不仅具有传统意义上的甘愿为自己的丈夫守节的思想,而且也具有继承丈夫的反清之志所表现出来的民族气节。

B.由于天气炎热,许多堆积在城墙下的尸体都糜烂了,许氏两姐妹最终因无法辨认出各自丈夫的尸体只好返回,但是她们的哥哥或婆婆都有劝她们改嫁的想法。

C.清兵南下的时候,明朝的那些高官都剃发而降;当投降之风逐渐蔓延至吴江的时候,许氏两姐妹以及他们的丈夫都奔赴抗击清兵的前线。

D.许氏两姐妹的丈夫都是由于拒绝剃发,也就是不与清朝统治者合作,最终被清军处死;与淄川人孙之獬及其家人的做法相比,他们的气节是值得肯定的。

4.把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)久之,姑得疾,且危,赖妇以存者又七年。

 ___________________________________________________________

(2)吴俗多淫祠,好佛,妇人贫无依者,多为尼。

 ___________________________________________________________

5.用“/”给下列句子断句。

  之獬在明时官列于九卿而江淮之间一介之士里巷之氓以不肯效国装死者头颅僵仆相望于道而不悔也

答案

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.(1)多年以后,婆婆生了病,并且很危急,全靠媳妇照料又活了七年。

(2)吴地有滥建祠庙的风俗,崇尚佛教,贫穷且没有依靠的妇女大多出家做了尼姑。

5.之獬在明时/官列于九卿/而江淮之间一介之士(/)里巷之氓/以不肯效国装死者/头颅僵仆/相望于道而不悔也。

阅读理解

The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phone, writing by hand has become something of old skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful--both in school and in life.

Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology(心理学) at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children learn the skill of writing by hand.

Berninger and her workmates carried out a study that looked at the ability of students to complete different writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, people wrote longer articles and more complete sentences.

In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us get our vocabulary, word meaning and ideas. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.

Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols(标志) on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to notice spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.

“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the choices given by the computer.”

小题1:Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?

A.Spelling improves one’s memory of words.

B.Spelling ability is closely tied to writing ability.

C.Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.

D.Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.小题2:What does “mind’s eye” in paragraph 5 mean?

A.Window.

B.Emotion.

C.Picture.

D.Imagination.小题3:What can we learn from the passage?

A.Computers can help people with their choice of words.

B.Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.

C.Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms.

D.Spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.

单项选择题