问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,回答下面的问题。

  李藩字叔翰,赵郡人。(藩)少恬淡修检,雅容仪,好学。父率,家富于财,亲族吊者,有挈去不禁,愈务散施,不数年而贫。年四十余未仕,读书扬州,困于自给,妻子怨尤之,晏如也。杜亚居守东都,以故人予署为从事。洛中盗发,有诬牙将令狐运者,亚信之,拷掠竞罪。藩知其冤,争之不从,遂辞出。后获真盗宋瞿昙,藩益知名。

  张建封在徐州,辟为从事,居幕中,谦谦未尝论细微。杜兼为濠州刺史,带使职,建封病革,兼疾驱到府,阴有冀望。藩与同列省建封,出而泣语兼曰:“仆射公奄忽如此,公宜在州防遏,今弃州此来,欲何也?宜疾去!不若此,当奏闻。”兼错愕不虞,遂径归。建封死,兼悔所志不就,怨藩甚。既归扬州,兼因诬奏藩建封死时摇动军中。德宗大怒,密诏杜佑杀之。佑素重藩,怀诏旬日不忍发,因引藩论释氏,曰:“因报之事,信有之否?”藩曰:“信然。”曰:“审如此,君宜遏事无恐。”因出诏。藩览之,无动色,曰:“某与兼信为报也。”佑曰:“慎勿出口,吾已密论,持百口保君矣。”德宗得佑解,怒不释,亟追藩赴阙。及召见,望其仪形,曰:“此岂作恶事人耶!”乃释然,除秘书郎。

  王绍持权,邀藩一相见即用,终不就。王仲舒、韦成季、吕洞辈为郎官,朋党辉赫,日会聚歌酒,召藩,坚不去。

  藩寻改吏部员外郎。藩性忠荩,事无不言,上重之,以为无隐。时河东节度使王锷用钱数千万赂遗权幸,求兼宰相。藩与权德舆在中书,有密旨曰:“王锷可兼宰相,宜即拟来。”藩遂以笔涂“兼相”字,却奏上云:“不可。”德舆失色曰:“纵不可,宜别作奏,岂可以笔涂诏耶!”曰:“势迫矣!出今日,便不可止。日又暮,何暇别作奏!”事果寝。元和六年,出为华州刺史、兼御史大夫。未行卒,年五十八,赠户部尚书。藩为相材能不及裴珀,孤峻颇后韦贯之,然人物清规,亦其流也。(《旧唐书·列传第九十八·李藩》有删节)

1.对下列句子中加粗的词的解释,不正确的一项是(     )

A.拷竟罪——掠:拷打

B.有冀望——阴:暗中

C.秘书郎——除:除去

D.事果——寝:停止

2.下面的句子,全都表现李藩“孤峻”的一组是(     )

①妻子怨尤之,晏如也

②争之不从,遂辞出

③怀诏旬日不忍发

④邀藩一相见即用,终不就

⑤藩性忠荩,事无不言

⑥以笔涂“兼相”字,却奏上

A.①②⑤

B.③④⑤

C.①③⑥

D.②④⑥

3.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是(     )

A.李藩为人轻财,父亲去世后,亲族中前来吊祭的,随手拿走他家财物他不禁止。读书时困窘不能自给,家人埋怨,他平静以待。洛阳发生盗窃案,他认为被诬者是冤枉的,事实证明了他的判断是正确的。

B.李藩在做张建封从事时,待人谦逊,从来不计较细枝末节的琐事,张建封病情危重,濠州刺史杜兼疾驱到府,想有所图,李藩哭诉着呵走了杜兼,杜兼很是惊讶,由此对李藩心怀怨恨。

C.德宗听信杜兼的诬陷,密诏杜佑杀了李藩,杜佑一向器重李藩,不忍杀他,并以全家性命为担保,尽力为他辩解,德宗终于听从了杜佑的话,在见了李藩之后,说他的相貌不像做恶事的人。

D.河东节度使王锷用数千万钱贿赂有权势的宠臣,想兼任宰相,皇帝也秘密下诏,同意王锷的要求。李藩为了阻止这件事,竟然把皇帝诏书作了删改,之后禀告皇帝,终使王锷未能得逞。

4.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)兼错愕不虞,遂径归。

译文:_______________________________________

(2)因报之事,信有之否?

译文:_______________________________________

(3)德宗得佑解,怒不释,亟追藩赴阙。

译文:_______________________________________

答案

1.C

2.D

3.C

4.(1)杜兼仓促间惊惧没有料到事情的发生,于是径直回去。

(2)因果报应的事,确实有吗?

(3)德宗看到杜佑的辩解,怒气未消,立即追召李藩到朝廷。

问答题 简答题
单项选择题

Few creatures on earth are as cute as the black lion tamarin, and few have as dramatic a story line. Pug-nosed and diminutive, with a comic fringe of hair, these monkeys dwell in trees in small tracts of forest in southeastern Brazil. Or they did until 1905, when they were declared extinct. No one saw a black lion tamarin again in the wild until 1970. Later, in the 1990s, some Brazilian researchers turned up a small set of isolated, inbred populations scattered over a wide region. Since that time, they have been engineering tamarin migration, doing everything they can to save the world’s most distinctive primates.
Although they are no larger than house cats, tamarins have brains big for their size and a family life organized like our own. They live in groups anchored by an adult male andadult female, along with their offspring. When a mother bears young, she usually produces twins, and although members of the group share in their upbringing, it is most often the father who carries them around in the trees, where the families feed on fruits, insects and bird’s eggs.
Unhappily for the lion tamarins, their tree-bound niche began to disappear after the Portuguese landed in Brazil and began clearing forest to make room for Rio de Janeiro, the settlements and farms. As is the case for so many threatened species, the breakup of their habitat sounded the death knell for tamarins, depriving them of the continuity of forest they require to remain abundant and safe from potential threats in any single vicinity. The animals avoid predators by hardly ever coming down from the trees, so even a narrow logging road through a forest can begin the breakup by preventing them from moving from one patch of forest to another.
A simple solution was to build bridges across roads, allowing the monkeys to move from one forest to another. With some lumber and the researchers’ work, habitats that had been separated became continuous again, improving opportunities for migrating and mating.
The next step was to broaden the distribution of the population. The researchers captured two families of black lion tamarins and moved them to a new forest. After a year, the moves were declared a success: Not only had 80 percent of the tamarins survived, but they had also produced new offspring. So far, so good. The researchers had learned the animals could adjust to the new habitats, even if the insects there tasted a little different or the trees were a slightly different size.
The techniques for saving species in the wild vary. Species with less stringent habitat requirements, like wild turkeys, have been rescued by moving them into new settings as well as outlawing their killing. More challenging to preserve are species that require a lot of land, like elephants, and species that have highly specific requirements for habitat and prey -- like black-footed ferrets. Ultimately, as in all challenges, knowledge is power to save wild species from extinction.

What did the researchers learn from the second step

A. The trees in the new forest were in different size.
B. The insects in the new forest had a different taste.
C. Tamarins could get used to the new environment.
D. Above 80% of tamarins survived.