问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成问题。

  李牧者,赵之北边良将也。常居代雁门,备匈奴。以便宜置吏,市租皆输入莫府,为士卒费。日击数牛飨士,习射骑,谨烽火,多间谍,厚遇战士。为约曰:“匈奴即入盗,急入收保,有敢捕虏者斩。”匈奴每入,烽火谨,辄入收保,不敢战。如是数岁,亦不亡失。然匈奴以李牧为怯,虽赵边兵亦以为吾将怯。赵王让李牧,李牧如故。赵王怒,召之,使他人代将。

  岁余,匈奴每来,出战。出战,数不利,失亡多,边不得田畜。复请李牧。牧杜门不出。固称疾。赵王乃复强起使将兵。牧日:“王必用臣,臣如前,乃敢奉令。”王许之。

  李牧至,如故约。匈奴数岁无所得。终以为怯。边士日得赏赐而不用,皆愿一战。于是乃具选车得千三百乘,选骑得万三千匹,百金之士五万人,彀者十万人,悉勒习战。大纵畜牧,人民满野。匈奴小入,详北不胜,以数千人委之。单于闻之,大率众来入。李牧多为奇阵,张左右翼击之,大破杀匈奴十馀万骑。灭襜褴,破东胡,降林胡,单于奔走。其后十余岁,匈奴不敢近赵边城。

  赵王迁七年,秦使王翦攻赵,赵使李牧、司马尚御之。秦多与赵王宠臣郭开金,为反间,言李牧、司马尚欲反。赵王乃使赵某及齐将颜聚代李牧。李牧不受命,赵使人微捕得李牧,斩之。废司马尚。后三月,王翦因急击赵,大破杀赵某。虏赵王迁及齐将颜聚,遂灭赵。(节选自《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》)

1.对下列句子中加粗词的解释不正确的一项是(     )

A.常居代雁门,匈奴——备:防备

B.赵王李牧——让:责备

C.王用臣——必:如果

D.悉习战——勒:统率、组织

2.以下句子分别编为四组,全部表现李牧用兵蓄势待发的一组是(     )

①常居代雁门,备匈努

②日击数牛飨士,习射骑

③谨烽火,多间谍

④为约曰:“匈奴即入盗,急入收保,有敢捕虏者斩。”

⑤边士日得赏赐而不用

⑥详北不胜,以数千人委之

A.①③④

B.②④⑤

C.①⑤⑥

D.②③⑥

3.下列对原文的叙述和分析不正确的一项是(     )

A.由“常居代雁门。备匈奴。以便宜置吏,市租皆输入莫府,为士卒费”一句可以看出李牧虽是将领,但也任意设置地方机构,安排官吏;为了自己的军队也搜刮民脂民膏。

B.李牧对待匈奴进犯的态度是防守不战,并“为约曰:‘匈奴即入盗,急入收保,有敢捕虏者斩。’”原因是他明白攻打匈奴时机尚未成熟,不能够作无谓的牺牲,另一方面是为了消磨匈奴的斗志。

C.“匈奴小入,详北不胜,以数千人委之。”虽然李牧最终打败了匈奴,但他把数千人作为诱饵,不怜惜他们的生命,可见他虽是良将,也不能面面俱到。

D.“赵王让李牧,李牧如故”,“复请李牧,牧杜门不出,固称疾”以及“赵王乃使赵某及齐将颜聚代李牧。李牧不受命”这些事例充分表面了李牧固执的一面。

4.请把第三大题文言文阅读材料中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。

(1)日击数牛飨士,习射骑,谨烽火,多间谍,厚遇战士。

答:____________________________________________________________________

(2)匈奴每入,烽火谨,辄入收保,不敢战。如是数岁,亦不亡失。

答:____________________________________________________________________

(3)大纵畜牧,人民满野。匈奴小入,详北不胜,以数千人委之。

答:____________________________________________________________________

答案

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.(1)他下令每天杀几头牛犒劳士兵,教士兵射箭、骑马。谨慎地把守烽火台,多派侦察人员,优待战士。

(2)匈奴每次入侵,烽火台就严谨地举烽火报警,战士们随即进入营垒防守,不敢应战。这样过了好几年,也没有什么伤亡和损失。

(3)大力组织放牧,让人民布满山野。匈奴派出小股兵力入侵,李牧率众假装败逃,丢下几千人给匈奴。

阅读理解

阅读理解.

     [1] There is always a way to be friends with everyone.Don't be afraid to talk to people.

Meeting strangers is the best way to make new friends!

     [2] If the group you want to be friends with is a shy group,and you're a little more sociable,

never ask them "Why don't you talk?" or "Why are you quiet?" They hate that.It's rude.Don't

do it.If you're shy and you want to get into a sociable group,then just try to get a little attention,

but try not to overdo it.No one likes a showoff.And remember that each group will be different.

Observe what is appropriate for each group,and act accordingly,but don't change yourself

just to fit in.

     [3] Always be outgoing,and going out.Be outgoing,and you will ____________within a

group.Go out a lot so that you will hang out with different groups.Being friends with everyone

is time and energy consuming,because you must be friendly,outgoing,and willing to hang out,

leaving very little time to yourself.That is something you have to consider before going and

trying to be so popular.

     [4] However,being friends with everyone can be difficult.You may feel torn between

friends;who to hang out with if it can't be done at once.And if for any reason you cannot

continue with the demanding time schedule,friends will fade rapidly.Make_sure_to_have a_

couple_strong friends,or_it_may_be possible_for_all_of_your_friends_to_become_just_

acquaintances.

     [5] Just remember:Don't forget who your real friends are.Don't become friends with

someone just because they are a cheerleader or really popular.

1.What's the best title of this passage?(Please answer within 10 words)

________________________________________________________________________

2.Which sentence(s) in this passage could be replaced by the following one?

Though you should make some necessary changes in making friends,you still stick to

who you are.

________________________________________________________________________

3.Fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words to complete the sentence.(Please

answer within 5 words)

________________________________________________________________________

4.What's your advice about making friends with others?Why?(Please answer within 30 words)

________________________________________________________________________

5.Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

________________________________________________________________

单项选择题