问题 名词解释

决定、影响生活方式的主要因素

答案

参考答案:

生产方式决定生活方式。人类社会要存在、发展,就要不断地变革生产方式。随着生产方式的发展,消费、交往、文化娱乐、婚丧等方式也会发生相应的变化,从而导致整个社会生活方式的变迁。生活方式的巨大变迁是生产方式更零星的结果。

自然环境影响和制约着生活方式。它向人类提供着生活资料和生活条件的自然资源;它直接影响着不同地区生活方式的特点;它影响着生活方式的变化。自然环境是生活方式的自然基础,但却不是最终决定性因素。自然环境对生活方式的影响,主要是通过物质生产力这个根本环节来实现的。

科学技术是影响生活方式的重要因素。科学技术通过改善物质生活条件来影响生活方式;科学技术通过改变人的生活观念来影响生活方式;科学技术通过扩展人们的生活能力来推动生活方式发展。

传统习俗、价值观念影响生活方式。影响主要体现在三个方面:一是控制作用。二是阻滞作用。三是渗透作用。价值观念是人们对于客体能在多大程度上满足自己需要情况的感知、判断和认知。价值观念通过影响人们的生活观念、生活目的进而影响整个生活方式。尤其是对于个体和群体生活方式的影响最明显。

此外,政治制度、社会心理和个性等等也是影响生活方式的重要因素。

阅读理解

Mr. Ellis is very old. He has seen many changes in his home town.

   He knows that things are different now. But he never forgets the old days. He likes to talk about them. He often talks about his favourite(最喜欢的)birds, the robins (一种小小鸟——鸫).  "When I was a boy, these houses were not here. There were wide fields and tall trees. Every spring robins would come. Thousands of them would fly up to the north from the south. They spent the winter in the south. Some would build their nests(巢)in the trees near our houses. Then people started to cut down trees, and they built more houses. The robins stopped coming. They couldn't build their nests near our houses because there were no trees."

  "Now there are too many houses and too many roads. There are no places for the robins. They do come any more(不再)."

小题1:Mr. Ellis often talks about________.

A.his old house

B.the old days

C.his life now

D.his family小题2:The birds, the robins, spent the winter in________.

A.the south

B.the west

C.the north

D.the east小题3: ________ built the nests in the trees.

A.Mr. Ellis

B.Some people

C.The robins

D.Some dogs小题4: Then people________ trees because they wanted to build more houses.

A.cut down

B.planted

C.bought

D.watered小题5:From the passage(短文)we can know that________.

A.Mr. Ellis likes his new life now

B.there were many houses there in the old days

C.the robins can make their nests without trees

D.Mr. Ellis is not happy with the changes there

判断题