问题 问答题

A、B、C、D、E是核电荷数依次增大的五种短周期主族元素,A元素的原子核内只有1个质子,B元素的原子半径是其所在主族中最小的,B的最高价氧化物对应水化物的化学式为HBO3;C元素原子的最外层电子数比次外层多4个;C的阴离子与D的阳离子具有相同的电子排布,两元素可形成化合物D2C;C、E主族.

(1)B在周期表中的位置第______周期,第______族;

(2)E元素形成的氧化物对应的水化物的化学式为______;

(3)元素C、D、E形成的离子半径大小关系是______>______>______(用离子符号表示).

(4)用电子式表示化合物D2C的形成过程______.C、D还可形成化合物D2C2,D2C2含有的化学键是______.

(5)由A、B、C三种元素形成的离子化合物的化学式为______,它与强碱溶液反应的离子方程式是______.

(6)某一反应体系中含有D2E、D2EC3、D2EC4三种物质,若此反应为分解反应,则此反应的化学方程式为(化学式用具体的元素符号表示):______.

答案

由以上分析可知A为H元素,B为N元素,C为O元素,D为Na元素,E为S元素,则

(1)B为N元素,原子核外有2个电子层,最外层电子数为5,则位于周期表第二周期ⅤA族,故答案为:二;VA;

(2)E为S元素,对应的氧化物的水化物有H2SO3、H2SO4,故答案为:H2SO3、H2SO4

(3)元素C、D、E形成的离子分别为O2-、Na+、S2-,S2-离子核外有3个电子层,离子半径最大,O2-与Na+离子核外电子排布相同,都有2个电子层,核电核数越大,半径越小,

则半径O2->Na+,故答案为:S2->O2->Na+

(4)化合物D2C为Na2O,为离子化合物,用电子式表示的形成过程为

,D2C2为Na2O2,为离子化合物,含有离子键和非极性共价键,

故答案为:

;离子键、非极性共价键(或离子键、共价键);

(5)由A、B、C三种元素形成的离子化合物为NH4NO3,与强碱溶液反应的实质为NH4++OH-=NH3•H2O,

故答案为:NH4NO3;NH4++OH-=NH3•H2O;

(6)某一反应体系中含有D2E、D2EC3、D2EC4三种物质,应分别为Na2S、Na2SO3、Na2SO4,此反应为分解反应,反应的化学方程式为4Na2SO3=Na2S+3Na2SO4

故答案为:4Na2SO3=Na2S+3Na2SO4

阅读理解
根据短文内容, 从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. Hard work
B. Principles for success
C. Active learners
D. A sense of humor
E. A successful sales team
F. A head start
小题1:___________
I was hired to do some training for a sales team from one of the largest companies in America. There were 16 people on this team. That year their sales (for the 16 of them) were close to 250 million — that’s right, a quarter of a billion dollars! Needless to say, it was an excellent and interesting time. I decided to learn a little bit myself, so I watched them closely to see what kind of people they were and to see what common characteristics they shared.
小题2:___________
They simply weren’t a terribly serious bunch of people. Instead, they saw that life was to be enjoyed and that means they were able to laugh a little bit. Sure, there were varying levels in this but they all had a sense of humor. They were able to laugh at circumstances, and they were able to laugh at themselves. It was quite refreshing and the most important key to their success, I’m sure.
小题3:___________
They didn’t come from families that gave them a free pass into the upper rank of the business world and they didn’t get a head start from upper outside universities. What got them to where they are now? Hard work! That’s right, another example that if you put your mind to it, work hard and get in the right situation, you can achieve great things! These folks work long hours and are disciplined in the work they do. And it is paying off.
小题4:___________
They were always occupied in the learning process. During my sessions they were attentive and listening. You could see their minds processing the information. They were asking questions and applying the material to their work and their lives. They wanted to improve in any way that they could. It was also interesting to watch them in their team meetings led by their sales manager. They were very interactive and were learning from one another. None of them was above learning from a colleague.
小题5:___________
What did I see in these successful people? The same things that can make you a success as you apply the principles to your own life: a sense of humor, hard work, and a desire to learn at every turn.
单项选择题