试述能力的含义及其个别差异。
参考答案：答案要点：（1）能力是直接影响人的活动效率，使活动得以顺利进行的个性心理特征。（3分）（2）能力发展的个别差异表现在以下三个方面：①能力发展水平的差异。智力差异从高到低有许多不同的层次，存在智力超常和低能两个极端。但在人口总体中，智力分布基本上呈正态分布：两头小，中间大。（4分）②能力的类型差异。无论特殊能力还是一般能力，人与人之间均存在类型差异。如在知觉能力方面：有人属于综合型，即知觉具有概括性和整体性，但分析能力弱；有人属于分析性，即对事物的细节能清晰感知，但对事物整体知觉较弱；还有人属于分析综合型。（4分）③能力表现早晚的差异。能力的早期表现称为早熟或早慧；能力的晚期表现称为大器晚成；大多数人的优势能力在中年时期表现出来。（4分）
When most people think of giant pandas, the pictures of the cute, black-and-white bears from China that eat bamboo will immediately jump into their mind. Scientists from Mississippi State University, however, are interested in what they leave behind: their poop(排泄物). At a recent meeting in Denver, Professor Brown at the university presented her research showing how panda poop could inspire a new way to obtain energy from plants, which are a renewable energy source. Usually, plants can be called biomass(有机燃料) when they are used as an energy source. Burning biomass is one way to capture its energy, but Brown hopes panda poop can teach scientists something about breaking down biomass. Pandas—or at least the bacteria in their stomachs—are very good at getting energy out of bamboo. Unlike cows, which use 4 stomachs to digest large amounts of grass, a panda has only one stomach. Bamboo comes in, and poop goes out. Every day for 14 months, Brown and her team on this project, counted the bacteria in the poop of the two pandas, YaYa and LeLe living at the Memphis Zoo. Her studies turned up 12 species of bacteria that break down biomass, including one that had never been found in pandas. Brown says that because the poop contains bacteria that break down biomass, it could also be used to break down other types of biomass. Now the scientists hope to identify the chemicals that help with the process of breaking down biomass and then figure out how the bacteria work. If those chemicals can be made in the lab, they could be used to turn biomass—like grass or other plants—into fuel. Brown says she doesn’t mind handling panda poop. “It’s probably the most pleasant material to work with,” she says, “My colleagues and I have been working with other poop for a long time, and we can assure you it has a fairly pleasant smell associated with it.” 小题1:The importance of studying panda poop is _______.
小题3:What does the author mainly want to express in the 2nd paragraph?
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