问题 阅读理解

任务型阅读。

     认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意。每个空格只填1个单词。

     You probably have lists of remember and steps to follow in order to have the best pet-friendly trip.

There are, however, a few things that are best left at home. Here are a few things to forget when you're

traveling with pets. Forgetting them will make your trip run more smoothly and more effectively.

     Time

     Traveling with pets will take longer and will have unexpected turns. In reality, forgetting about time

means leaving impatience behind. Don't be in a rush. Your pets will require more extra stops than you

will, and they'll often surprise you with unpredictable delays. Plan on leaving early and arriving later and

you'll be right on time.

     Anger

     Getting angry at the delay will only make matters worse. Your feelings can add unnecessary stresses

to you and your pets' travel experience. If you feel yourself becoming out of control, stop and take a

deep breath. Your pets have little control over their emotions, bowel movements, or motion sickness

when traveling. Remember to be kind and understanding at all times, especially when under pressure.

     Work Attitude

     This may seem like a no-brainer, but when you are traveling, leave your work attitude behind.

Traveling is not a task to be accomplished; it can be an enjoyable and memorable experience for both

you and your pets as long as you have the right attitude.

     Control

     Part of the joy of traveling with pets is dealing with the unexpected. You can't control everything and

trying to do so will only end in frustration and anger. Knowing that things will happen beyond your

control will bring great relief to you and your pets. Messes happen; accidents happen. Once you accept

that, traveling with your pets will be far easier to manage.

     Selfishness

     Traveling with pets often requires an extreme amount of selflessness. Your pets rely on you to take

care of their needs, and sometimes you will need to put their needs before your own. Leave your selfish

ambitions behind when traveling with your pets. They need your attention and care more than anything

else because of the stresses and strains of traveling.

     Traveling with pets can and will be a joy if you remember to leave these five items behind. It can be

difficult at times to handle, but the traveling will go well if you can manage to do so.

答案

1. forget   2. smoother   3. leaving   4. delayed    5. hardly

6. bring    7. joyful      8. difficult     9. selfless     10. Conclusion

选择题
单项选择题

何谓文化向来狭义的解释,只指学术技艺而言,其为不当,自无待论。说得广的,又把一切人为的事都包括于文化之中,然则动物何以没有文化呢须知文化正是人之所以异于他动物的。其异点安在呢凡动物,多能对外界的刺激而起反应,亦多能与外界相调适。然其与外界相调适,大抵出于本能,其力量极有限,而且永远不过如此。人则不然。所以人所处的世界,与动物所处的世界,大不相同。人之所以能如此,(一)由其有特异的脑筋,能想出种种法子。(二)其手和足的作用分开,能制造种种工具,以遂行其计划。(三)又有语言以互相交通,而其扩大的即为文字。此人之所知,所能,可以传之于彼;前人之所知,所能,并可以传之于后。因而人的工作,不是个个从头做起的,乃是互相接续着做的。不像赛跑的人,从同一地点出发,却像驿站上的驿夫,一个个连接着,向目的地进行。其所走的路线自然长,而后人所达到的,自非前人所能知了。然则文化,是因人有特异的禀赋,良好的交通工具而成就的控制环境的共业。动物也有进化,但他的进化,除非改变其机体,以求与外界相适应,这是要靠遗传上变异淘汰等作用,才能达到目的的,自然非常迟慢。人则只须改变其所用的工具,和其对付事物的方法。我们身体的构造,绝无以异于野蛮人,而其控制环境的成绩却大不相同,即由其一为生物进化,一为文化进化之故。人类学上,证明自冰期以后,人的体质,无大变化。埃及的尸体解剖,亦证明其身体构造,与现今的人相同。可见人类的进化,全是文化进化。恒人每以文化状况,与民族能力,并为一谈,实在是一个重大的错误。遗传学家,论社会的进化,过于重视个体的先天能力,也不免为此等俗见所累。至于有意夸张种族能力的,那更不啻自承其所谓进化,将返于生物进化了。从理论上说,人的行为,也有许多来自机体,和动物无以异的,然亦无不披上文化的色彩。如饮食男女之事,即其最显明之例。所以在理论上,虽不能将人类一切行为,都称为文化行为,在事实上,则人类一切行为,几无不与文化有关系。可见文化范围的广大。能了解文化,自然就能了解社会了。人类的行为,源于机体的,只是能力。其如何发挥此能力,则全因文化而定其形成。
(选自吕思勉《中国文化史·绪论》,《中国通史》,华东师范大学出版社,1991)(北京安通学校提供)

按照本文,下列说法正确的是:

A.语言文字是人类的文化能力
B.饮食男女之事与文化无关
C.动物适应环境往往出于本能
D.了解文化也就能了解社会