问题 填空题

【化学——物质结构与性质】(15分)

已知A、B、C、D都是短周期元素,它们的原子半径大小为B>C>D>A。B的基态原子中电子占据三种能量不同的原子轨道,且每种轨道中的电子总数相同;D原子有2个未成对电子。A、B、D三种元素组成的一种化合物M是新装修居室中常含有的一种有害气体。E的硫酸盐溶液是制备波尔多液的原料之一。回答下列问题(用元素符号或化学式表示)。

(1)M分子中B原子轨道的杂化类型为             

1mol M中含有σ键的数目为                  。   

(2)化合物CA3的沸点比化合物BA4的高,其主要原因是               

(3)写出与BD2互为等电子体的C3的结构式                  

(4)E+的核外电子排布式为         ,图12是E的某种氧化物的晶胞结构示意图,氧的配位数为        

(5)向E的硫酸盐溶液中通入过量的CA3,写出该反应的离子方程式:             

答案

(15分)(1)sp2    3NA(或3×6.02×1023)                     (每空2分)

(2)NH3分子间能形成氢键                   (2分)   

(3)[N=N=N]                              (2分)     

(4)1s22s22p63s23p63d10      4                (每空2分)

(5)Cu2++4NH3=[Cu(NH3) 4]2+                          (3分)

B的基态原子中电子占据三种能量不同的原子轨道,且每种轨道中的电子总数相同,B的电子占据1s,2s,2p三个轨道,且每个轨道中电子数为2,B原子共有6个核外电子,B为碳元素;D原子有2个未成对电子,1s22s22p2或1s22s22p4,可能为C、O,则D为O;C为N;A、B、D三种元素组成的一种化合物M是新装修居室中常含有的一种有害气体,有害气体为甲醛,A为H;E的硫酸盐溶液是制备波尔多液的原料之一,E为铜;A为H,B为C;C为N;D为O;E为铜;

(1)甲醛空间构型为平面三角形,中心原子碳,采用sp2

填空题


In the following passage, there are 20 blanks representing the words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing worD.The time for this section is 20 minutes.
Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know.
First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. (1) is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has (2) language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one (3) . Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men (4) a language.
Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people (5) cultures are underdeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the (6) they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities (7) must have been tens of thousands of years in development.
This has not (8) been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stateD.Popular ideas (9) the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians (10) in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this (11) be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them (12) out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly (13) from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are (14) more primitive that English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language (15) that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect (16) of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally, we (17) that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the (18) languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to (19) if we look backward in time. Change goes in all aspects of language. (20) features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.


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