问题 多项选择题

骨折的X线直接征象包括()

A.锐利的透光线

B.软组织肿胀

C.松质骨内与皮质垂直的致密线

D.骨皮质凹陷或翘起

E.骨膜增生

答案

参考答案:A, C, D

解析:骨折是指骨的连续性中断,包括骨小梁和(或)骨皮质的断裂。可分为创伤性骨折、疲劳骨折、病理性骨折和骺板骨折。

阅读理解与欣赏

豚足袋狸

——袋狸家族中的珍品

       和其他有袋类动物一样,袋狸是澳大利亚的特有动物。而豚足袋狸又是袋狸家族中的珍稀品种。

       豚足袋狸的体长23~25厘米,尾长8~10厘米:它的面部特征非常像老鼠,具有一对比一般老鼠要大些的大耳朵,吻部又尖又长。豚足袋狸外观比野兔要瘦小些,四肢长而纤细,前肢具2趾,后肢具4趾。通体的毛色呈灰褐色,腹部以下颜色略浅,非常漂亮。它的育儿袋和树袋熊、袋熊的一样,是向后张开的。与其他种类的袋狸相比,它的前肢显得特别,很像猪蹄,豚足袋狸的名称由此而来。

       豚足袋狸以植物为食。在离水源较近的地方筑巢。常常选择靠近水源且比较温暖而干燥的地方打洞穴居,洞穴一般深约0.3米,白天就在洞中睡觉,晚上外出觅食。豚足袋狸的领土意识非常强,为了保卫自己的家园,雄性袋狸往往与入侵者作殊死的战斗,不惜牺牲自己的生命。尽管如此,由于豚足袋狸形体娇小,势单力薄,常常成为其他动物的牺牲品,惨遭杀害的事经常发生。

       几乎所有的食肉动物都是豚足袋狸的天敌,其中以狐狸和澳洲野犬为甚。但豚足袋狸最大的威胁还是来自人类永无止境的垦荒运动。由于澳大利亚人口的增长。垦荒、放牧等不断发展,再加上外来动物,如狐、犬等的引入,使豚足袋狸逐渐丧失了栖息地,种群数量锐减。1970年12月,澳大利亚政府宣布豚足袋狸为濒危动物。但事实上自1926年以来,就没有任何有关它们的报道了,动物学家认为朦足袋狸在那时就已经灭绝了。动物学家推测野生的豚足袋狸的灭绝时间为1907年。

1.本文围绕豚足袋狸,主要说明了哪些内容?

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

2.请你概括一下,第二段将豚足袋狸与老鼠、野兔进行比较,分别说明了什么?

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

3.阅读第四段,是哪两种情况导致了豚足袋狸的灭绝?

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

4.“豚足袋狸的领土意识非常强,为了保卫自己的家园,雄性袋狸往往与入侵者作殊死的战斗,不惜牺牲自己的生命。”这句话介绍了雄性袋狸的什么特性?表现了作者什么样的感情?

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

5.动物学家推测,野生的豚足袋狸在1907年就已灭绝了。根据你的了解,我国有哪些濒危动物?请列举出两种。并说说你认为应采取哪些有力措施来保护这些濒危动物?

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Believe it or not, America's favorite snack food is the potato chip. There is a story behind how it was

first made. One might think that something genius thought up the first potato chips, but it didn't happen

that way. The Moon Lake Restaurant was a well-known restaurant in New York in 1853. Its menu included

French-fried potatoes: a popular food recipe brought back from France by Thomas Jefferson. These were

thickly cut potatoes, fried until golden brown and crisp in the outside. One evening a guest in the dining hall

felt that his potatoes were too thick and sent them back to the kitchen. The cook sliced some potatoes thinner

than before and prepared them for the complaining guest. He was still not satisfied and sent them back again!

By this time the cook was angry and decided to do exactly what the dinner guest wanted: slice the potatoes

as thin as possible. Then they would be so crisp that the diner wouldn't be able to use his fork to eat them.

When the paper thin browned potatoes arrived the dinner was pleased. He was so happy with them that other

guests started ordering the new potatoes. The cook's plan to stop the dinner guest from complaining did not

turn out as he had planned. Soon Saratoga Chips appeared on the menu and became so popular that people

wanted to take some home. The restaurant started selling small packages of the potato chips. A few years later

they were selling all over the United States. But because the potatoes had to be peeled by hand, it was a time-

consuming chore and potato ships were often out of stock. In the 1920s a mechanical potato peeler was

invented and soon there were potato chips in abundance. They gradually spread all over the world, and have

remained popular ever since.

1. According to this passage,the cook of the Moon Lake Restaurant _____. [ ]

A. enjoyed making potato chips very much

B. wanted to silence a guest's complaining

C. liked playing jokes on guests

D. was pleased that other guests liked the chips

2. The restaurant started to sell potato chips because _____.[ ]

A. potato chips were liked by people

B. the dinner guest asked for them

C. it was not difficult to cook them

D. they were pleased with the thick potato chips

3. According to this passage, mass production of potato chips was made possible when _____. [ ]

A. potatoes could be peeled by machines

B. potatoes were peeled by a large number of cooks

C. there was a growing demand for them

D. they first appeared in a restaurant

4. Potato chips have been popular in the US _____. [ ]

A. for more than 200 years

B. ever since 1920

C. for less than 100 years

D. since the 19th century