问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成下面的题。

  李白,字太白。其先隋末以罪徙西域,神龙初,遁还,客巴西。

  白之生,母梦长庚星,因以命之。十岁通诗书,既长,隐岷山。州举有道,不应。苏颇为益州长史,见白异之,曰:“是子天才英特,少益以学,可比相如。”然喜纵横术,击 剑,为任侠,轻财重施。更客任城,与孔巢父、韩准、裴政、张叔明、陶沔居徂徕山,日沉饮,号“竹溪六逸”。

  天宝初,往见贺知章,知章见其文,叹曰:“子,谪仙人也!”言于玄宗,召见金銮殿,论当世事,奏颂一篇。帝赐食,亲为调羹,有诏供奉翰林。白犹与饮徒醉于市。帝坐沉香亭子,意有所感,欲得白为乐章。召入,而白已醉。稍解,援笔成文,婉丽精切无留思。帝爱其才,数宴见。白尝侍帝,醉,使高力士脱靴。力士素贵,耻之,剔其诗以激杨贵妃,帝欲官白,妃辄沮止。白自知不为亲近所容,益骜放不自修。恳求还山,帝赐金放还。白浮游四方,尝乘舟与崔宗之自采石至金陵,著宫锦袍坐舟中,旁若无人。

  安禄山反,永王磷辟为府僚佐。磷起兵,逃还彭泽;磷败,当诛。初,白游并州,见郭子仪,奇之。子仪尝犯法,白为救免。至是子仪请解官以赎,有诏长流夜郎。会赦,还寻阳,坐事下狱。时宋若思将吴兵三千赴河南,道寻阳,释囚辟为参谋,未几辞职。李阳冰为当涂令,白依之。代宗立,以左拾遗召,而白已卒,年六十余。(《新唐书》)

  【注】①任侠:以“侠义”自任。②谪仙:指受到处罚而降到人间的神仙。③乐章:这里指可以配乐演唱的诗词。

1.对下列句子中加粗字的解释,不正确的一项是 (    )

A.神龙初,还/遁:隐去

B.其诗以激杨贵妃/剔:挑剔

C.永王磷为府僚佐/辟:征召

D.事下狱/坐:因为

2.以下句子分别编为四组,全都表明李白狂骜不驯、蔑视权贵的一组是 (    )

①州举有道,不应

②是子天才英特,少益以学,可比相如

③有诏供奉翰林。白犹与饮徒醉于市

④稍解,援笔成文,婉丽精切无留思

⑤白尝侍帝,醉,使高力士脱靴

⑥白浮游四方……著宫锦袍坐舟中,旁若无人

A.①②③

B.②④⑥

C.①③⑤

D.④⑤⑥

3.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是 (    )

A.本文记叙了唐代诗人李白沉浮荣辱的人生经历,突出表现了他鲜明的个性。

B.李白天资聪颖,才思敏捷 ,被贺知章称为“谪仙”,并向唐玄宗举荐。

C.李白最突出的个性是孤傲和狂放不羁,他那种“安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜”的性格,在本文中得到很好的体现。

D.安禄山起兵反唐,李白为了打击叛军,接受了永王磷的征召,加入了永王磷的幕府。后永王磷兵败,李白受到牵连而下狱。后遇赦,应代宗的征召,担任了朝廷拾遗的官职。

4.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)是子天才英特,少益以学,可比相如。

________________________________________________________

(2)力士素贵,耻之,剔其诗以激杨贵妃,帝欲官白,妃辄沮止。

________________________________________________________

(3)至是子仪请解官以赎,有诏长流夜郎。

________________________________________________________

答案

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.(1)这个青年天生英才,只要用学问进一步加以雕琢,便可以赶得上司马相如。

(2)高力士一向高贵,认为这件事很耻辱,就挑剔他的诗句来激怒杨贵妃,皇上想任命李白担任(重要)官职,杨贵妃就毁谤阻止。

(3)到这时郭子仪请求免去自己的官职来赎李白的罪,皇上下令把李白长期流放到夜郎。

选择题
单项选择题

Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. (1) the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly (2) to live shorter lives. This suggests that (3) bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) (4) in not being too bright.

Intelligence, it (5) , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow (6) the starting line because it depends on learning — a(n) (7) process — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to (8) .

Is there an adaptive value to (9) intelligence That’s the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance (10) at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real (11) of our own intelligence might be. This is (12) the mind of every animal we’ve ever met.

Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would (13) on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, (14) , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that (15) animals ran the labs, they would test us to (16) the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really (17) , not merely how much of it there is. (18) , they would hope to study a(n) (19) question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in (20) the results are inconclusive.

14()

A. by chance

B. in contrast

C. as usual

D. for instance