问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成问题。

灵壁张氏园亭记    

苏轼

  道京师而东,水浮浊流,陆走黄尘,陂田苍莽,行者倦厌。凡八百里,始得灵壁张氏之园于汴之阳。其外修竹森然以高,乔木蓊然以深。其中因汴之余浸,以为陂池,取山之怪石,以为岩阜。蒲苇莲芡,有江湖之思。椅桐桧柏,有山林之气。奇花美草,有京洛之态。华堂厦屋,有吴蜀之巧。其深可以隐,其富可以养。果蔬可以饱邻里,鱼龟笋茹可以馈四方之宾客。余自彭城移守吴兴,由宋登舟,三宿而至其下。肩舆叩门,见张氏之子硕。硕求余文以记之。 

  维张氏世有显人,自其伯父殿中君,与其先人通判府君,始家灵壁,而为此园,作兰皋之亭以养其亲。其后出仕于朝,名闻一时,推其余力,日增治之,于今五十余年矣。其木皆十围,岸谷隐然。凡园之百物,无一不可人意者,信其用力之多且久也。

  古之君子,不必仕,不必不仕。必仕则忘其身,必不仕则忘其君。譬之饮食,适于饥饱而已。然士罕能蹈其义、赴其节。处者安于故而难出,出者狃于利而忘返。于是有违亲绝俗之讥,怀禄苟安之弊。今张氏之先君,所以为其子孙之计虑者远且周,是故筑室艺园于汴、泗之间,舟车冠盖之冲,凡朝夕之奉,燕游之乐,不求而足。使其子孙开门而出仕,则跬步市朝之上,闭门而归隐,则俯仰山林之下。于以养生治性,行义求志,无适而不可。故其子孙仕者皆有循吏良能之称,处者皆有节士廉退之行。盖其先君子之泽也。

   余为彭城二年,乐其风土。将去不忍,而彭城之父老亦莫余厌也,将买田于泗水之上而老焉。南望灵壁,鸡犬之声相闻,幅巾杖屦,岁时往来于张氏之园,以与其子孙游,将必有日矣。元丰二年三月二十七日记。

1. 对下列句子中加粗的词的解释,不正确的一项是(    )

A.始得灵壁张氏之园于汴之     阳:水的北面

B.处者安于而难出                     故:故旧

C.舟车冠盖之                             冲:要塞

D.盖其先君子之也                     泽:施恩

2. 下列各句中加粗的“以”字,与“硕求余文以记之”中的“以”字意义和用法相同的一项是(    )

A.将衅钟。

B.还军霸上,待大王来。

C.是时大中丞抚吴者为魏之私人

D.余是记之,盖叹郦元之简,而笑李渤之陋也。

3. 下列有关文章的内容或理解,不正确的一项是(    )

A.这是一篇具有独特艺术风格的游记。它前面记游,后面议理,借题发挥,借事议理,环环相扣。

B.苏轼又提出“不必不仕”是因为“不仕”固然可以全身修性,但是没有尽到对君王、社稷的责任和义务。

C.张氏先君为子孙考虑长远,让他们不外出做官而是闭门隐居以怡情养性,保持志节。

D.饥渴的时候就要吃喝,吃饱喝足了就要停止。苏轼用这一比喻句表达出追求自适放达的人生态度。  

4. 把阅读材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1) 于是有违亲绝俗之讥,怀禄苟安之弊

_________________________________________________________________________

(2) 将去不忍,而彭城之父老亦莫余厌也

_________________________________________________________________________ 

答案

1. D

2. B

3. C

4.(1) 于是他们就有了违拗亲情自命高洁的讥讽,贪图利禄苟且偷安的弊病。

      (2) 将要离去,却又不忍心,而徐州的父老也并不厌弃我。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     F . Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24,1896, an American novelist, was once a student

of St.Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton. University for a short while.

In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda

Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.

     His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary:" My own happiness in

the past often got such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to

walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary."

     This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success,

Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the

Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age (1922),

and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was the novel The Great Gatsby,

published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give

him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories

All the Sad Young Men.

     However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda had an effect on his writing. During the

1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and

went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934

and The love of the last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States,

he got totally addicted to(沉迷于) alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight

his alcoholism.

1. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage ?

A. 5      

B. 6        

C. 7        

D. 8

2. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?

a. He became addicted to drinking.

b. He studied at St.Paul Academy.

c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.

d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.

e. He failed to reorder his life.

f. He joined the army and met Zelda.

A. f-c-e-a-b-d    

B. b-e-a-f-c-d    

C. f-d-e-c-b-a  

D. b-f-c-d-e-a

3. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald            .

A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama.

B. was well educated and well off before he served in the army

C. would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken down

D. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital

4. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about          .

A. Zelda's personal life

B. Zelda's illness and treatment

C. Fitzgerald's friendship with Graham

D. Fitzgerald's contributions to the literary world

单项选择题 A1型题