问题 选择题

当你的指尖受到刺激时,你会马上将手缩回,完成这一反射活动的神经中枢位于     [ ]

A.大脑    

B.小脑  

C.脑干    

D.脊髓

答案

D

阅读理解

Being able to multitask-- doing several things at the same time--is considered a welcome skill by most people. But if we consider the situation of the young people aged from eight to eighteen, we should think again.

What we often see nowadays is that young people juggle a larger number of electronic products as they study. While working, they also surf on the Internet, send out emails, answer the telephone and listen to music on their iPods. In a sense, they are spending a large amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.

Multitasking is even changing the relationship between family members. As young people give so much attention to their own worlds, they seem to have no time to spend with the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house, nor can they eat at the family table.

Multitasking also has an effect on young people's performance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinions of the effects of modern gadgets (器具) on their performance of tasks, many young people gave a positive (肯定的) answer. However, the response from the worlds of education and business was not quite as positive. Educators feel that multitasking by children has a serious effect on later development of study skills. They believe that many college students now need help to improve their study skills. Similarly, employers (雇主) feel that young people entering the job market need to be taught all over again, as modern gadgets have made it unnecessary for them to learn special skills to do their work.

小题1:What does the underlined word "juggle" most probably mean?

A.Want to buy.

B.Use at the same time.

C.Take the place of.

D.Search information from.小题2:In Paragraph 3, the author points out that ________.

A.family members do not greet each other

B.family members do not eat at the family table

C.young people get on well with their families

D.young people hardly communicate with their family members小题3:What's the main idea of the last paragraph?

A.Young people must learn skills for future jobs.

B.Young people benefit (获益) a lot from modern gadgets.

C.Multitasking is an important skill to young people.

D.Multitasking influences young people's development seriously.小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Young people think multitasking is good for their study and work.

B.Employers consider it unnecessary for young people to be taught all over again.

C.Educators feel that young people don't need to improve their study skills.

D.People from the world of education believe multitasking has a good effect on children's later study skills.小题5:The author develops (阐述) the passage mainly by ________.

A.providing special examples

B.following the natural time order

C.giving out a cause and analyzing (分析) its effects

D.comparing opinions from different worlds

单项选择题

(3)生まれてすぐから人を(注1)注視し、人の動きを目で追い、3ヵ月頃にはおとなの表情とおなじ表情をつくり、半年もたつと相手の感情もわかり始めるような(注2)乳児が、他者を利用して必要な知識や技能を学ぶのはきわめて自然なことだと思われる。①こうした仕組みのひとつが「社会的参照(social referencing)」である。アメリカ合州国の発達心理学者キャンボスは、1歳前後で、(注3)ハイハイや歩行によって自分で移動が終るようになった子供の社会的参照のようす実験的に確かめた。たとえば、こどもが実験室に(注4)なじんで母親といつものように遊んでいる状態になった時に、②突然大きな音をたててみる。 するとそれまで遊んでいた子供は、あわてて母親の顔を見る。その時母親に恐怖の表情をしてもらうと、このグループの子どものほとんどが遊ぷのをやめ、あわ てて母親に近づいたり抱かれたがったりした。ところが、この時に母親が( ③ )を見せるように指示されたグループの子どもでは、母親の顔を見て、心配することはないと判断したように再び遊びに戻ったのである。これは子どもが自分で は処理できない事態になると、まわりの人々、とくにもっとも妊きな人がいればその人の表情を参照して、どうしたらよいかを判断しているのだと解釈できよ う。(波多野誼余夫 高橋恵子「文化心理学入門---子どもと教青」による)(注1)注視する:じっと見つめる(注2)乳児:生まれてから1歳ぐらいまでの子ども (注3)ハイハイ:乳児が手と足で這って進むこと(注4)なじむ:慣れて落ち着

この実験では、とのようなようすが確認されたか。

A.子どもがどうしたらよいか判断できなくなったとき、親しい他者の表情を参照して行動を決めるようす

B.子どもが自分では処理できない事態になると、まわりにいる好きな人の感情が参照できなくなるようす

C.母親が子どもの表情を参照して、自分が子どもにどう対応したらよいかを判断するようす

D.母親がまわりの人の表憎を参照して、子どもにどんな指示をしたらよいかを決めるようす