问题 填空题

铜、铁、钒都是日常生活中常见的金属,具有广泛用途。请回答:

(1)在元素周期表中,铜元素位于____区,其基态原子的电子排布式为        

(2)Cu2O的熔点比Cu2S高,原因为                       

(3)Fe(CO)5是一种常见的配合物,可代替四乙基铅作为汽油的抗爆震剂。

①写出CO的一种常见等电子体分子的结构式____;两者相比较沸点高的为      (填分子式)。

②Fe(CO)5在一定条件下发生反应:Fe(CO)5(s)=Fe(s)+5CO(g),已知:反应过程中,断裂的化学键只有配位键,由此判断该反应所形成的化学键类型为        

(4)已知AlCl3·NH3和AlCl4中均有配位键。AlCl3·NH3中,提供空轨道的原于是____;在AlCl4中Al原子的杂化轨道类型为           

(5)金属铝的晶胞结构如图甲所示,原子之间相对位置关系的平面图如图乙所示。则晶体铝中原子的堆积方式为____。已知:铝原子半径为d cm,摩尔质量为M g·mol-1,阿伏加德罗常数的值为NA,则晶体铝的密度ρ=           

答案

(1)ds  1s22 s22p63 s23 p63d104s1或[Ar]3d104s1

(2)Cu2O与Cu2S相比较,其阳离子相同、阴离子所带的电荷也相同,但由于氧离子的半径小于硫离子的离子半径,Cu2O的晶格能更大(或亚铜离子与氧离子形成的离子键强于亚铜离子与硫离子形成的离子键),所以Cu2O的熔点比Cu2S的高。

(3)N≡N  CO   金属键

(4)Al     sp3

(5)面心立方最密堆积    g/cm3  

题目分析:(1)29号元素Cu在元素周期表中位于第四周期第IB族。因此属于ds区。其基态原子的电子排布式为1s22 s22p63 s23 p63d104s1或[Ar]3d104s1。(2)Cu2O的熔点比Cu2S高,是因为Cu2O与Cu2S都属于离子晶体。其阳离子相同、阴离子所带的电荷也相同,但由于氧离子的半径小于硫离子的离子半径,Cu2O的晶格能更大,断裂其离子键需要消耗的能量更高,所以Cu2O的熔点比Cu2S的高。(3) ①CO的一种常见等电子体是N2。分子的结构式N≡N。CO与N2两者相对分子质量相同。但由于CO分子为极性分子,增加了分子之间的相互作用,使得克服分子间作用力使物质熔化或汽化消耗的能量高。因此二者相比较沸点高的为CO。②该反应所形成的化学键类型为金属键。(4)在AlCl3·NH3中,提供空轨道的原于是Al,提供孤对电子的是N原子。在AlCl4中Al原子的杂化轨道类型为sp3。(5)由晶体结构示意图可看出晶体铝中原子的堆积方式为面心立方最密堆积。每个晶胞中含有的Al原子的个数为:8×1/8+6×1/2=4.设晶胞的边长为a,则。则晶胞的密度为:。整理可得密度ρ= g/cm3。   

完形填空
Charlie Chaplin was the first international star of the modern times. He was especially beloved for his Little Tramp  36 . He was the first screen artist to write,  37  and perform in his own films; in fact,  38 , Charlie Chaplin even wrote the music for his movies. He was also the first artist to use his work to pass a  39  of equality and justice for all- 40  for the “little guy”. Charlie Chaplin’s career and life made  41  the first global icon (偶像); his too small hat, his too large shoes and his trademark moustache were instantly  42 by audiences from Chicago to China, from Iowa City to India. And they  43  are today. All of these make Charlie Chaplin the first citizen of our global village.
Chaplin, a native of London, was born in  44  on April 16, 1889 to music hall performers. Chaplin only saw his  45  twice until the age of seven. The man  46  him and his mother about a year after Chaplin was  47 . During Chaplin’s earliest years, his mother was a (n)  48  and performer. Then her voice gave out, her stage career  49 , and she began actively  50  Church of England services. At the age of  51 , Chaplin’s mother was considered insane and sent to Cane Hill lunatic asylum(疯人院), and the  52  sent Charlie and his brother to live with his father,  53  had by then stopped all payments of child support.
Charlie Chaplin lived with his father only a short time  54  his mother was released from the lunatic asylum and then  55  Charlie and his brother to live with her once again.
小题1:
A.behaviorB.characterC.personalityD.quality
小题2:
A.actB.directC.shootD.edit
小题3:
A.in case ofB.in this caseC.in some casesD.in case
小题4:
A.possibilityB.cultureC.messageD.importance
小题5:
A.generallyB.especiallyC.speciallyD.totally
小题6:
A.himB.themC.usD.it
小题7:
A.recognizedB.believedC.realizedD.known
小题8:
A.reallyB.alwaysC.stillD.ever
小题9:
A.happinessB.povertyC.luckD.nature
小题10:
A.brotherB.teacherC.motherD.father
小题11:
A.taughtB.leftC.lovedD.expected
小题12:
A.bornB.youngC.ill D.old
小题13:
A.actorB.artistC.singerD.dancer
小题14:
A.endedB.beganC.brokeD.continued
小题15:
A.servingB.attendingC.joiningD.asking
小题16:
A.sevenB.eightC.nineD.ten
小题17:
A.motherB.policeC.courtD.family
小题18:
A.whichB.whomeverC.whoeverD.who
小题19:
A.thenB.beforeC.whenD.until
小题20:
A.picked upB.A took awayC.took apartD.brought up
配伍题 B型题