问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成下面问题。

吕嘉传

  太子兴伐立,其母为太后。元鼎四年,汉使安国少季往谕王、王太后以入朝,比内诸侯;令辩士谏大夫终军等宣其辞,勇士魏臣等辅其缺,卫尉路博德将兵屯桂阳,待使者。王年少,太后中国人也,国人多不附太后。太后恐乱起,亦欲倚汉威,数劝王及群臣求内属。即因使者上书,请比内诸侯,三岁一朝,除边关。於是天子许之。

  其相吕嘉年长矣,相三王,宗族官仕为长吏者七十馀人,男尽尚王女,女尽嫁王子兄弟宗室,及苍梧秦王有连。其居国中甚重,越人信之,多为耳目者,得众心愈於王。王之上书,数谏止王,王弗听。有畔心,数称病不见汉使者。使者皆注意嘉,势未能诛。王、王太后亦恐嘉等先事发,乃置酒,介汉使者权,谋诛嘉等。使者皆东乡,太后南乡,王北乡,相嘉、大臣皆西乡,侍坐饮。嘉弟为将,将卒居宫外。酒行,太后谓嘉曰:“南越内属,国之利也,而相君苦不便者,何也?”以激怒使者。使者狐疑相杖,遂莫敢发。嘉见耳目非是,即起而出。太后怒,欲鏦嘉以矛,王止太后。嘉遂出,分其弟兵就舍,称病,不肯见王及使者。乃阴与大臣作乱。

  天子闻嘉不听王,王、王太后弱孤不能制,使者怯无决。又以为王、王太后已附汉,独吕嘉为乱,不足以兴兵,欲使庄参以二千人往使。参曰:“以好往,数人足矣;以武往,二千人无足以为也。”辞不可,天子罢参也。郏壮士故济北相韩千秋奋曰:“以区区之越,又有王、太后应,独相吕嘉为害,原得勇士二百人,必斩嘉以报。”於是天子遣千秋与王太后弟樛乐将二千人往,入越境。吕嘉等乃遂反,下令国中曰:“王年少。太后,中国人也,专欲内属,尽持先王宝器入献天子以自媚,多从人,行至长安,虏卖以为僮仆。取自脱一时之利,无顾赵氏社稷,为万世虑计之意。”乃与其弟将卒攻杀王、太后及汉使者。遣人告苍梧秦王及其诸郡县,立明王长男越妻子术阳侯建德为王。(选自《史记》有删改)

1.对下列句子中加粗词的解释,不正确的一项是(     )         

A.多为耳目者——耳目:亲信

B.男尽王女——尚:崇尚

C.有心,数称病不见汉使者 ——畔:叛乱

D.分其弟兵舍——就:靠近

2.下列句子中,都表现吕嘉“老谋深算”的一项是(     )

①其相吕嘉年长矣,相三王,宗族官仕为长吏者七十馀人

②男尽尚王女,女尽嫁王子兄弟宗室,及苍梧秦王有连

③其居国中甚重,越人信之,多为耳目者,得众心愈於王

④王之上书,数谏止王,王弗听。有畔心,数称病不见汉使者

⑤嘉遂出,分其弟兵就舍,称病,不肯见王及使者

⑥遣人告苍梧秦王及其诸郡县,立明王长男越妻子术阳侯建德为王

A.①③⑤             

B.②③④          

C.①②⑤          

D.④⑤⑥

3.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(     )

A.由于王太后是中原人,南越国的人大多不依附王太后,因而王太后劝说南越王和群臣归属汉朝的做法没有成功。

B.南越国内君臣不和,特别是南越王、王太后两人与丞相吕嘉之间的政见不同,这是引起南越国内乱的重要原因。

C.南越王和王太后设下了一个鸿门宴想杀掉吕嘉,但由于汉朝使者犹豫不决而没有成功。吕嘉觉察后产生了背叛之心。

D.汉朝的介入加速了吕嘉叛乱的步伐。就在汉朝天子派遣军队进入南越国之时,吕嘉等人造反,并杀死了南越王及王太后。

4.把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

①即因使者上书,请比内诸侯,三岁一朝,除边关。

 __________________________________________________

②南越内属,国之利也,而相君苦不便者,何也?

__________________________________________________

③独吕嘉为乱,不足以兴兵,欲使庄参以二千人往使。

__________________________________________________

答案

1.B

2.D

3.C

4.①于是就通过使者上书天子,请求比照内地诸侯,三年朝见天子一次,撤除边境的关塞。

②南越归属汉朝,是国家的利益,而丞相嫌这样做不利,是什么原因?

③独有吕嘉作乱,不值得发兵,想派庄参率两千人出使南越。

阅读理解

Most students try to learn English grammar using grammar textbooks. They study grammar rules and take grammar tests. They use an analytical(分析的) approach, attempting to memorize, and then apply, a great number of rules.

However, research has proved this method inefficient and ineffective. The truth is, the human brain simply cannot consciously remember process and use hundreds of or thousands of grammar rules. Real speech is too fast.

Native speakers do not learn grammar in this way, but rather intuitively (凭直觉地) and unconsciously. They learn in a complete way, not by attempting to memorize individual grammar rules. As a result, native speakers use correct grammar fluently and easily.

Fortunately, it is possible for English learners to learn grammar this way. Language teacher Blaine Ray has developed a unique "intuitive" approach to teach English grammar. Her system uses "point of view" stories to teach the patterns of English grammar, allowing students unconsciously to acquire correct grammar without ever studying grammar rules.

In this system, the teacher first tells a simple story from one point of view. It may be told about the past, then repeated, but beginning with "since he was a child"; then repeated again, but this time about the future.

Listening to these stories allows students intuitively and effortlessly to learn English grammar and makes them be able to use it correctly when they speak.

Point of View Stories is a creative new way to study English grammar, and offers hope to millions of frustrated English learners.

小题1:Which of the following ways is approved by the author?

A.Remembering grammar rules.

B.Taking grammar tests.

C.Analyzing grammatical structure.

D.Applying language to situations.小题2: What does the underlined part "this way" in the fourth paragraph refer to?

A.Talking to native speakers when learning.

B.Learning English grammar in a complete way.

C.Using correct English grammar.

D.Learning English grammar from a teacher.小题3:From this passage we learn that ______.

A.native speakers learn English grammar by listening to stories

B.Blaine Ray’s method gets students to grasp correct grammar unconsciously

C.Blaine Ray teaches grammar rules by asking students to tell stories

D.it’s hard for students to speak correct English in the new system小题4:This passage wants to ______.

A.criticize the traditional way of learning grammar

B.introduce a new way to study English grammar

C.ask students to learn English grammar by listening to stories

D.tell us how the native speakers learn English grammar小题5:Why shouldn’t the English learners use an analytical approach?

A.because the analytical approach can let them learn English grammar effortlessly

B.because the analytical approach makes them be able to use English correctly when they speak.

C.because the analytical approach can’t let them memorize and then apply a great number of rules.

D.because Real speech is too fast.

多项选择题