问题 阅读理解

阅读理解。

     By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular

concentrated work.This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan

and have no regular routine of study.Many students muddle along(无计划地进行),

doing a bit of this subject or that,as the mood takes them,or letting their set work pile

up until the last possible moment.

     Few students work to a set timetable.They say that if they did work out a timetable

for themselves they would not keep to it,or would have to change it frequently,since they

can never predict(foresee)from one day to the next what their activities will be.

     No doubt some students take much more kindly to a regular routine than others.There

are many who shy away from a self-controlled weekly timetable,and dislike being tied

down to a fixed program of work.Many able students state that they work in cycles.When

they become interested in a topic they work on it attentively for three or four days at a time.

On other days they avoid work completely.It has to be admitted that we do not fully

understand the motivation to work.Most people over 25 years of age have become used

to a work routine,and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for

the more important areas of their work.The "tough-minded" school of workers doesn't fully

accept the idea that good work can only be done naturally,under the influence of inspiration.

     Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken

belief either in their own talent or in the value of "freedom".Freedom from control and discipline

(纪律)leads to unhappiness rather than to "self-expression" or "personality development".Our

society insists on regular habits,timekeeping and punctuality,and whether we like it or not,if we

mean to make our way in society,we have to meet its demands.

1.The most widespread problem in applying oneself to study is _________.

A.changing from one subject to another

B.the failure to keep to a set timetable of work

C.the unwillingness to follow a systematic plan

D.working on a subject only when one feels like it

2.Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Many students are not interested in using a self-controlled timetable.

B.Many students don't like being told to study to a fixed timetable.

C.Most people over 25 years of age don't work to set timetable.

D.Tough-minded people agree that good work is done naturally.

3.The underlined part "as the fit takes them" in Paragraph 4 means ________.

A.when they have the energy

B.when they are in the mood

C.when they feel fit

D.when they find conditions suitable

4.A suitable title for the passage might be _________.

A.Attitudes to Study

B.A Study Plan

C.The Difficulties of Studying

D.Study and Self-discipline

答案

1-4BABD

综合题

(14分)材料一 在20世纪30年代,法国著名作家罗曼•••罗兰和安德烈•••纪德曾怀着对当时蒸蒸日上的国家的极大兴趣,到莫斯斯科旅行。

罗曼•••罗兰一方面表示“我从这次旅行中得出的主要印象和感觉”是“无比高涨的生命力和青春活力的强大浪潮”,“他们正在为全人类更美好的、最好的、灿烂的未来而工作”;一方面又认为那里“正在不人道地形成贱民阶级,必须承认这一切……”。

纪德则写道:“对绝大多数劳动者来说,每日工资为5卢布或更少;而对某些享有特权的人来说则享受更多的优惠。”                          

——《外交十记》 钱其琛 

材料二 罗曼•••罗兰则对苏联人的精神状况表示了担忧:“我确信,他们有时甚至过分低估了其他民族的生命力。即使资本主义的政府和制度是他们的敌人,也不能低估其生存力……青年不可能自由地将自己的智力成就和思想与他们的西方朋友的成就相比较。真担心有朝一日突然发生这样的事,就会产生动荡。”

纪德则写道“苏联人对于国外的局势和状况处于惊人的无知之中。他们被弄得深信:外国的一切都远不及苏联好。”                            

——《外交十记》 钱其琛

回答:

(1)当法国两位作家到达苏联时,苏联的政治经济体制呈现怎样的特征?根据材料,概括两位作家对当时苏联的印象和感觉(4分)

(2)材料中罗曼•••罗兰和纪德担忧什么?(2分)

材料三 从19世纪晚期到20世纪晚期,位于太平洋两岸的美国和中国相继成为世界上具有巨大影响的国家,其影响力的提高,是以经济的大发展为基础。中美两国经济的发展都是由于在较好地利用外部条件的同时,对内部进行了成功的调整。

回答:

(3)从19世纪晚期以来,美国的资本主义生产关系经历过哪几次重大调整?各有何作用?(4分)

(4)20世纪中晚期,中国在社会主义建设中对生产关系进行过哪几次成功的调整?各起什么作用?(4分)

判断题