问题 选择题

一般认为,1952年法国学者在分析当时世界格局时,提出“第三世界”一词。这里的“第三世界”是指(  )

A.不属于社会主义阵营和资本主义阵营的国家

B.两个超级大国及其他发达国家之外的国家

C.既不属于“北约”也不属于“华约”的国家

D.尚未获得独立的亚非拉地区国家

答案

答案:A

本题考查对历史概念的理解能力。在历史上“第三世界”曾被赋予不同的内涵,1952年正是两大阵营形成之际,所以第三世界主要指的是两大阵营之外的国家;到1974年毛 * * 把两个超级大国定为第一世界,其他发达国家为第二世界,广大亚非拉属于第三世界。法国学者眼中的第三世界显然是前者,所以A项正确;B项及C项中的“华约”都发生在1952年之后,排除;D项不符合史实,因为毛 * * 所说的第三世界是独立后的亚非拉地区国家,而非独立国家也谈不上成为一股政治势力。

单项选择题

A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three of four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasts are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.

All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts, droughts, and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day "outlook" which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels with often set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.

Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification studies. But the limitations of weather modification have prevented meteorological results except in the seeding of super-cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional orographical precipitation on the windward side of mountain ranges. Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.

A weather map is synoptic because it()

A. summarizes a great deal of information

B. can be interpreted accurately

C. appears daily

D. shows changing fronts

填空题