问题 选择题

下列相关现象的分析中,正确的是

A.走进鲜花店就可以闻到花香,这是气体的扩散现象

B.用水擦过的黑板一会儿就干了,这是水的液化现象

C.初春的傍晚需要向水稻秧田注满水,防止秧苗冻坏,是因为水的比热容较大

D.物体温度升高了,一定是吸收了热量

答案

AC

题目分析:鲜花的花香分子不停地做无规则的运动,扩散到空气中,所以走进鲜花店就可以闻到花香,A正确;用水擦过的黑板一会儿就干了,是因为水由液态变成气态消散在了空气中,这是蒸发现象,不属于液化现象,B错误;初春的傍晚需要向水稻秧田注满水,防止秧苗冻坏,是因为水的比热容较大,在相同的条件下,水释放的热量更多,C正确;物体温度升高了,有可能是外界对物体做功,也有可能是吸收了热量,D错误。

点评:本题是一道综合性的试题,考查知识点较多,需要同学们掌握基础知识。

单项选择题

(一) 阅读下列短文,完成16-20题(在列出的四个备选项中只有一个正确答案,请将代表它的字母填在答题卷相应的空格内。共10分) 自言自语(其六) 史铁生自然之神以其无限的奥秘生养了我们,又以其无限的奥秘迷惑甚至威胁我们,使我们不敢怠慢不敢轻狂,对着命运的无常既敬且畏。我们企望自然之母永远慈祥的爱护,但严厉的自然之父却要我们去浪迹天涯自立为家。我们不得不开始了从刀耕火种到航天飞机的创造历程。 日日月月年年,这历程并无止境,当我们千辛万苦而又怀疑其意义何在之时,我们茫然若失就一直没能建成一个家。太阳之光轰鸣着落在地平线上,太阴之光又多情地令人难眠,我们想起:家呢便起身把这份辛苦、这份忧思、这份热情而执着的盼望,用斧凿在石上,用笔画在墙上,用文字写在纸上,向自然之神倾诉,为了吁请神的关注,我们又奏起了最哀壮的音乐,并以最夸张的姿势展现我们的身躯成为舞蹈。悲烈之声传上天庭,悲烈之景遍布四野,我们忽然茅塞顿开听到了自然之神在赞誉他们不屈的儿子,刹那间一片美好的家园呈现了,原来是由不屈的骄傲建筑在心中。我们有了家有了艺术,我们再也不孤寂不犹豫,再也不放弃(而且我们知道了,一切创造的 真正意义都是为了这个。所以无论什么行当,一旦作到极致,人们就说它是进入了艺术境界, 它本来是什么已经不重要了,它现在主要是心灵的美的家园)。我们先是立了一面镜子,我们一边怀着敬畏滚动石头,一边怀着骄傲观赏我们不屈的形象。后来,我们不光能从镜子里,而且能从山的峻拔与狰狞、水的柔润与汹涌,风的和照与狂暴,云的变幻与永恒,空间的辽阔与时间的悠久,草木的衰荣与虫兽的繁衍,从万物万象中看见自己柔弱而又刚劲的身影。心之家园的无限恰与命运的无常构成和谐,构成美,构成艺术的精髓。敬畏与骄傲,这两极! (选自史铁生《宿命的写作》,山东文艺出版社2001年版)

“我们一边怀着敬畏滚动在头,一边怀着骄傲观赏我们不屈的形象”,对这一句话阐释最准确的一项是

A.通过对劳动者形象的描写了赞扬我们不屈的精神。

B.通过对原始初民劳动场面的描写,表现人类与大自然搏斗的豪情。

C.借用古希腊神话故事,赞美人类永不言弃的精神。

D.通过虚构出的一种实践活动,褒扬人类对自然之神的敬畏之情。

阅读理解

"Indeed," George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, "some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home." But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

  The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

  Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, "to install (安装) an alarm". Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant "to cheat", and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

  We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties" that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison "had been up the two previous nights discovering 'a bug' in his invented record player."

小题1:We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.

A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C.the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D.both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century小题2:What does the word "flaw" in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Fault.

B.Finding.

C.Origin.

D.Explanation.小题3:The passage is mainly concerned with__________________.

A.the misunderstanding of the word bug

B.the development of the word bug

C.the public views of the word bug

D.the special characteristics of the word bug