问题 问答题 简答题

试述过敏性休克首选肾上腺素的原因。

答案

参考答案:

肾上腺素具有直接兴奋α和β口肾上腺素受体作用。兴奋心脏的β1受体,使心肌收缩力加强,心率加快,传导加速,心排血量增加,兴奋血管α受体,使血管收缩,外周阻力增加,血压升高;亦使支气管黏膜血管收缩,降低毛细血管的通透性,有利于消除支气管黏膜水肿、减少支气管分泌。兴奋β2受体以松弛支气管平滑肌,并能抑制肥大细胞释放过敏物质。肾上腺素的上述作用恰好能解除过敏性休克的症状,故为过敏性休克的首选药物。

单项选择题
完形填空

Ⅱ 语言知识及应用(共两节,满分35分)

第一节完形填空 (共10小题; 每小题2分, 满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The Squirrel and the Lion

A squirrel, merrily leaping on the branches of an oak tree, accidentally missed its hold and fell upon a lion who lay sound asleep at the trunk. His Majesty awoke in ___21___, and displayed his terrific teeth to the ___22___ squirrel, who, in the most humble manner, begged __23___ for the intrusion. “I grant you your life,” said the lion, “but on condition that you tell me the reason why you are always so lively and __24___, while my time passes so boringly.”

“Yes, sire,” replied the squirrel, “I will, in return for your mercy, tell you the secret. But he who speaks the truth ought to stand higher than he who ___25___ it; permit me, therefore, to jump up the tree.”

The lion agreed to this and when the squirrel was out of his ___26___ he thus addressed him: “You seek to know how I am always merry. ___27___ gives me a joyous mind, but sire, you are just lacking in it. Think of the many crimes and cruelties you have___28___. How many animals have you killed, while I have been ___29___ in carrying nuts to help my folks! You hate, and I love! Believe me, there is great meaning and truth in these words, and often have I heard my father observe when young: “Son, let your happiness be founded in virtue, and pleasure will be the constant ___30___ of your heart.”.

21.  A. anger         B. silence          C. surprise      D. hunger

22.  A. thrilling       B. skipping        C. trembling   D. frightening

23.  A. explanation      B. understanding    C. forgiveness D. consideration

24.  A. lovely        B. interesting     C. athletic       D. happy

25.  A. witnesses      B. answers         C. analyzes     D. hears

26.  A. sight         B. reach         C. mind      D. catch

27.  A. Nature         B. Wealth              C.Conscience  D. Knowledge

28.  A. made         B. committed     C. performed  D. accomplished

29.  A. employed      B. required        C. interested   D. devoted

30.  A. tendency      B. desire         C. companion D. assistant