问题 阅读理解与欣赏
古诗阅读
唐介字子方,江陵人。知莫州任丘县,当辽使往来道,驿吏以诛索破家为苦。介坐驿门,令曰:“非法所应给,一切勿与。稍毁吾什器者,必执之。”皆帖伏以去。沿边塘水岁溢,害民田,中人杨怀敏主之,欲割邑西十一村地猪①涨潦,介筑堤阑之。民以为利。通判德州,转运使崔峄取库绢配民而重其估。介留牒不下,且移安抚司责数之。峄怒,数驰檄按诘,介不为动,既而果不能行。
入为监察御史里行,转殿中侍御史。张尧佐骤除宣徽、节度、景灵、群牧四使,介与包拯、吴奎等力争之,又请中丞王举正留百官班庭论,夺其二使。无何,复除宣徽使、知何阳。介谓同列曰:“是欲与宣徽,而假河阳为名耳,不可但已也。”而同列依违,介独抗言之。仁宗谓曰:“除拟本出中书。”介遂劾宰相文彦博守蜀日造间金奇锦,缘阉侍通宫掖,以得执政;今显用尧佐,益自固结,请罢之而相富弼。又言谏官吴奎表里观望,语甚切直。  
帝怒,却其奏不视,且言将远窜。介徐读毕,曰:“臣忠愤所激,鼎镬不避,何辞于谪?”帝急召执政示之曰:“介论事是其职。至谓彦博由妃嫔致宰相,此何言也?进用冢司,岂应得预?”时彦博在前,介责之曰:“彦博宜自省,即有之,不可隐。”彦博拜谢不已,帝怒益甚。梁适叱介使下殿,修起居注蔡襄趋进救之。贬春州别驾,王举正以为太重,帝旋悟,明日取其疏入,改置英州,而罢彦博相,吴奎亦出。又虑介或道死有杀直臣名命中使护之梅尧臣李师中皆赋诗激美由是直声动天下士大夫称真御史必曰唐子方而不敢名。
注:①猪,同“潴”,水停聚处。 (宋史:《唐介传》)
5小题1:对下列句子中的加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是(  )(3分)
A.皆帖伏以去   帖伏:顺从。伏,通“服”。B.峄怒,数驰檄按诘   按诘:诘责质问。
C.且言将远窜   远窜:向远处逃窜。D.复除宣徽使、知何阳知:管理
6.小题2:下列各组句子中,加点字的意义和用法不相同的一组是(  )(3分)
A.转运使崔峄取库绢配民而重其估青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝
B.帝怒,却其奏不视愚人之所以为愚,其皆出于此乎
C.介不为动,既而果不能行若属皆且为所虏
D.皆帖伏以去 余与四人拥火以入
7.小题3:下列句子分别编为四组,全都表明唐介“刚直无畏”性格的一组是
  ①稍毁吾什器者,必执之 ②民以为利③遂劾宰相文彦博 ④明日取其疏入,改置英州
  ⑤峄怒,数驰檄按诘,介不为动 ⑥必曰唐子方而不敢名
A.①④⑥B.②③⑤C.③⑤⑥D.①③⑤
8.小题4:下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(  ) (3分)
A.唐介是刚直不阿,不畏权势的谏官,他对张尧佐为笼络同党突然任命四个地方官的行为据理力争,毫不考虑个人的安危。
B.从文中可以看出,统治集团内部不乏种种卑劣行径,有的人明哲保身,不敢直言,有的人通过不正当手段谋一己之利,相比之下,唐介的精神更显得可贵。
C.皇帝虽几次发怒,但在理智上不能不承认唐介是尽到了职守,还是接受了谏议,直臣取得了最后的胜利。
D.唐介的时代,朝廷里仍有些秉公无私的官吏,他们或据理力争,或揄扬直臣,表现了正气,这也是皇帝最终肯定了唐介的原因之一。
9.小题5:断句和翻译。(10分)
(1)用“/”给下列文段断句。(4分)
又 虑 介 或 道 死 有 杀 直 臣 名 命 中 使 护 之 梅 尧 臣 李 师 中 皆 赋 诗 激 美 由 是 直 声 动 天 下 士 大 夫 称 真 御 史 必 曰 唐 子 方 而 不 敢 名。
(2)翻译下面的句子。(6分)
(1)介留牒不下,且移安抚司责数之。
  译文:                                                                      
  (2) 臣忠愤所激,鼎镬不避,何辞于谪?
  译文:                                                                       
答案

小题1:C

小题2:B

小题3:D

小题4:A

小题5:

断句(4分)

(1)又虑介或道死/有杀直臣名/命中使护之/梅尧臣/李师中皆赋诗激美/由是直声动天下/士大夫称真御史/必曰唐子方而不敢名。(每错两处扣1分,扣完本小题分为止)

(2)翻译(6分)

① 唐介扣留文牒不下发,而且交给安抚司指责崔峄。(3分)(“下”“数”各1分,句意1分

②我受忠愤所激,即使对我处以烹刑我也不回避。贬谪远方又有什么可推脱的?(3分)

(“忠愤”为动或被动用法1分,“何辞于谪”介词短语后置1分,句意1分)

小题1:远窜:贬谪远方

小题2:A却,表转折。B①代词,他的;②表揣测语气。C介词,表被动D连词,表修饰。

小题3:②写百姓得利;④写唐介被皇帝改迁;⑥写士大夫对唐介的敬仰。

小题4:“张尧佐为笼络同党突然任命四个地方官”的说法不对。

小题5:无

参考译文

唐介,字子方, 是江陵人。(唐介)任莫州任丘县知县,正处在辽使往来的道路上,驿吏被辽使勒索以致无法维持生计,苦不堪言。唐介坐在驿站门口,下令说:“不是规定所应该给的,一切都不给。(只要)谁稍微毁坏我们的东西,就把他抓起来。”(辽使)都顺从地离开了。在田边的池塘每年泛滥,毁坏了民田,宦官杨怀敏负责处理这件事,想要划城西十一村的田地作为积水的地方,唐介(主持)筑了堤来拦住洪水,百姓都认为办得好。在德州当通判时,转运使崔峄拿府库里的绢配给百姓,但提高了价钱,唐介扣留文牒不下发,而且交给安抚司指责崔峄。崔峄发怒,屡次发公文责问唐介,唐介不为所动。不久果然不能实行。

 (唐介)入朝担任监察御史里行,又转任殿中侍御史。张尧佐骤然之间被任命为宣徽使、节度使、景灵使、群牧使四使,唐介与包拯、吴奎等极力争谏,又请中丞王举正纠合百官集体在朝廷上向皇上论争,削去了他的两个使职。没多久,又任命张尧佐为宣徽使,兼任河阳知府。唐介对同僚说:“这是皇上要给张尧佐宣徽使这一职位,而借河阳知府这个虚名罢了,我们不能就此罢休啊。”同僚们都模棱两可,只有唐介上言抗争。仁宗对他说:“任命的提议出自于中书省。”唐介趁机弹劾宰相文彦博在蜀州做郡守时制造了一种镶金的绸缎,用这种绸缎通过宦官打通后宫,而得到执政要职;现在重用张尧佐, 是用来加强自己的势力,请求皇上罢免文彦博的宰相职务而任命富弼为宰相。又说谏官吴奎表里不一,看风行事。唐介的话都诚垦正直。

 皇上大怒,推开他的奏疏不看,而且说要把他贬谪远方。唐介慢慢地把他的奏疏读完,说:“我受忠愤所激,即使对我处以烹刑我也不回避。贬谪远方又有什么可推脱的?”皇上连忙召来执政给他们看奏文说:“唐介上疏谈论大事是他的责任。至于说文彦博靠嫔妃的力量做了宰相,这是什么话呢?任用官员,她们怎么可参预呢?”当时文彦博在面前,唐介责问他说:“文彦博应当自己反省一下,如果有这回事,就不能隐瞒。”文彦博拜倒在地,不住地谢罪,皇上更加愤怒。梁适呵斥唐介叫他下殿,修起居注蔡襄连忙向前替唐介开脱 。结果。唐介被贬到春州。王举正向皇上说这种处罚太重,皇上马上有所醒悟,第二天把唐介的奏疏取来,改贬英州,同时罢免了文彦博的宰相之职,吴奎也被贬京外。皇上又担心唐介可能在路上死去而使自己担了杀忠直大臣的名声,就叫近侍大臣护送唐介到任所。梅尧臣、李师中都写诗赞美唐介,从此他的忠直声誉传遍天下,士大夫都称他是真正的御史,称呼他时一定称他唐子方而不敢直呼他的名。

问答题
阅读理解

Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623 when the first patent law to protect IP sights was passed. IP rights protect the artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/ she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing. But today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who creative music, art and literature.

In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether; the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, form a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.

小题1:According to the writer, in the beginning, If rights were mainly of use to ______.

A.those creating music, art and literature

B.novelists

C.engineers and inventors

D.those not receiving financial reward for their work小题2:What do we know about the internet according to the passage?

A.It makes IP rights harder to protect.

B.It sells songs and films.

C.It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.

D.It prevents the production of artwork.小题3:According to paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?

A.Intellectual property rights.

B.The Internet.

C.Free downloading

D.The large number of songs, films and books.小题4:A possible title for this passage could be ______.

A.A History of IP Rights

B.Ways to Protect Your IP Rights.

C.The Present and the Future Of IP

D.IP Rights and Our Attitudes