问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下列文言文,完成2---4题。

张衡传

张衡,字平子,南阳西鄂人也。衡少善属文,游于三辅,因入京师,观太学,遂通五经,贯六艺。虽才高于世,而无骄尚之情。常从容淡静,不好交接欲人。永元中,举孝廉不行,连辟公府不就。时天下承平日久,自王侯以下莫不逾侈。衡乃拟班固《两都》作《二京赋》,因以讽谏。精思傅会,十年乃成。大 * * 邓骘奇其才,累召不应。

衡善机巧,尤致思于天文阴阳历算。安帝雅闻衡善术学,公车特征拜郎中,再迁为太史令。遂乃研核阴阳,妙尽璇机之正,作浑天仪,著《灵宪》、《算罔论》,言甚详明。

顺帝初,再转复为太史令。衡不慕当世,所居之官辄积年不徙。自去史职,五载复还。   阳嘉元年,复造候风地动仪。以精铜铸成,员径八尺,合盖隆起,形似酒尊,饰以篆文山龟鸟兽之形。中有都柱,傍行八道,施关发机。外有八龙,首衔铜丸,下有蟾蜍,张口承之。其牙机巧制,皆隐在尊中,覆盖周密无际。如有地动,尊则振龙,机发吐丸,而蟾蜍衔之。振声激扬,伺者因此觉知。虽一龙发机,而七首不动,寻其方面,乃知震之所在。验之以事,合契若神。自书典所记,未之有也。尝一龙机发而地不觉动,京师学者咸怪其无征。后数日驿至,果地震陇西,于是皆服其妙。自此以后,乃令史官记地动所从方起。

时政事渐损,权移于下,衡因上疏陈事。后迁侍中,帝引在帷幄,讽议左右。尝问衡天下所疾恶者。宦官惧其毁己,皆共目之,衡乃诡对而出。阉竖恐终为其患,遂共谗之。衡常思图身之事,以为吉凶倚仗,幽微难明。乃作《思玄赋》以宣寄情志。

永和初,出为河间相。时国王骄奢,不遵典宪;又多豪右,共为不轨。衡下车,治威严,整法度,阴知 * * 党名姓,一时收禽,上下肃然,称为政理。视事三年,上书乞骸骨,征拜尚书。年六十二,永和四年卒。

2.下列句中加点词的解释不正确的一项是(  )(3分)

A.衡少善属文 属:连缀,引申为“写作” 

B.因入京师,观太学  观:欣赏

C.衡乃拟班固《两都》拟:模仿            

D.阴知 * * 党名姓,一时收禽 阴:暗地里

3.对下列加点的虚词用法判断正确的一项是(    )(3分)

①游于三辅, 因入京师,观太学     

②衡乃拟班固《两都》作《二京赋》因以讽谏

③精思傅会,十年乃成            

④自此以后,乃令史官记地动所从方起

A. ①与②相同,③与④不同        B. ①与②相同,③与④也相同

C. ①与②不同,③与④相同       D. ①与②不同,③与④也不同

4.把文中画线句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)以精铜铸成,员径八尺,合盖隆起,形似酒尊,饰以篆文山龟鸟兽之形。(4分)

(2)衡善机巧,尤致思于天文阴阳历算。验之以事,合契若神。自书典所记,未之有也。(5分)

答案

2.B

3.D

4.(1)用精铜铸成,圆周直径八尺,上下两部分相合盖住,中央凸起,形状像个酒樽,用篆文山龟鸟兽的图形装饰。

(2)张衡通晓器械制造技术,尤其在天文、阴阳、历算诸科方面尽心钻研思考。用已经发生的事情来检验它,完全符合,灵验若神,自从有书籍文献记录以来,还从来没有过这样的情形。

2. 观:游学

3. 因:趁机;用来 乃:才;就

4.无

阅读理解
Xia Ming was worried about his study, so he wrote a letter to a magazine.
Dear editors,
I’m a slow student in my class. Most of my classmates are much better than me. So I get very stressed out. It’s difficult to keep on working hard and it’s really not fun. And I think although I spend much time studying for the tests. I can’t get good grades. My father gives me some help sometimes. He tells me not to worry about it. But what do you think I should do?
Xia Ming
Two readers read the letter from the magazine and here are their answers:
Dear Xia Ming,
Many famous people are not so good at the age like you. Edison, the famous scientist, had a bad headache for his studies when he was a 12-year-old boy. But everyone knows that he did a lot for the people in the world. And Newton had the same story like him. You should take it easy, then try your best. I believe you can do better.
Thumbelina
Dear Xia Ming,
When you are feeling stressed out, just smile and take a deep breath(深呼吸), you should believe tomorrow is another day.
Mr Unsmart
小题1:Xia Ming worried about ______.
A.his classmatesB.his lifeC.his studyD.his father
小题2:Thumbelina gave ______ examples in the letter.
A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four
小题3:Thumbelina wrote about those famous people _______.
A.to make Xia Ming feel better
B.to make Xia Ming laugh
C.to show how much she knows
D.to show that she dislike them
小题4:Which is NOT true?
A.Xia Ming doesn’t have fun studying at school.
B.Xia Ming’s father always helps him with his study.
C.Smiling can reduce the pressure.
D.Edison is famous in the world.
小题5:“Tomorrow is another day.” tells us ______.
A.It’s the weekend tomorrow
B.Xia Ming can get good grades tomorrow
C.Tomorrow is different from today
D.There are hopes in our lives
单项选择题