问题 填空题

(17分) 重庆有丰富的天然气资源。以天然气为原料合成氨的主要步骤如下图所示(图中某些转化步骤及生成物未列出):

请填写下列空白:

(1)已知2mol甲烷与水蒸气在t℃、p kPa时,完全反应生成一氧化碳和氢气(合成气),吸收了a kJ热量,该反应的热化学方程式是_______________________________。

(2)图中X为_____,Y为_____(填化学式);常用K2CO3溶液吸收分离出的CO2,其离子方程式为_____________________________________

(3)在合成氨工业中,常采取的措施之一是:将生成的氨从混合气体中及时分离出来。请运用化学平衡的观点说明采取该措施的理由:_______________________________。

(4)联合制碱法中,合成氨产生的NH3与CO2通入饱和食盐水最终可制得纯碱,如图所示

①应先向食盐水通足量_______气体(写化学式,后同);副产品Z为______,可用作______;W为_______。

②若生产 Na2CO3 5.3吨,理论上至少可制得副产品Z_______吨。

答案

(17分)

(1)CH4 (g) + H2O (g) ="==" CO(g) + 3H2(g) △H =" +" 1/2a  kJ/mol   (3分)

(2)N2、  H2                                (每空1分,共2分)

CO3 + CO2 + H2O  =" " 2HCO3                          (3分)

(3)减小生成物浓度,促进平衡正向移动                       (2分)

(4)①NH3;NH4Cl   氮肥;  CO2               (每空1分,共4分)    

② 5.35吨                                               (3分)

阅读理解

Every day, life is made and lost. Every day, life goes on. Every day we experience some of the most important parts of life and may not even realize it: love, generosity, and perseverance. These values aren’t just important to us, they make the world what it is.

Scientists say that the gravity makes the world turn, but some people say that love makes  it  go around. Love can be found anywhere: in families, friends, even strangers. Even if you can’t see it, you know it’s there.

Love may connect people all over the world, but what would the world be without generosity? Whether after a national disaster or a school fund raiser, one thing is certain--- it is better to give than to receive. Generosity is found everywhere and whether it’s a large or small act, it makes a difference. Most of all, generosity is not something you need any qualifications(资格)for, and no matter what you do, it can make a difference. Sometimes, though, it takes effort to be generous, which leads us to perseverance.

Founding a country, riding a bike, or finishing a novel, these are all finished with perseverance. Perseverance is the one thing that can help us achieve whatever we want. It is what helps scientists discover cures for illnesses, and athletes become winners. You may fail, but every time you make a mistake, that’s one less to make the next time.

There is an infinite(无限的) number of things we value. But without love, generosity, and perseverance, we just don’t think that our lives or the world would be the way it is.

小题1:The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph means         .

A.the world

B.the gravity

C.the value

D.the experience小题2:To be generous, the writer thinks       .

A.you needn’t make effort

B.you should be qualified(有资格的)

C.you should give all you have

D.you find it meaningful whatever you do小题3:The meaning of the word “perseverance” is       .

A.财富

B.体力

C.毅力

D.机遇小题4:Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A.Perseverance is the only thing to help us achieve success.

B.People don’t understand life they experience at all.

C.Helping others is always better than receiving help.

D.What the world is like depends on the gravity and love.小题5:The best title for the passage may be       .

A.Success and failure

B.Three values

C.Endless love

D.Hard life

选择题