问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成下题。

西湖香市  [明]张岱

西湖香市,起于花朝,尽于端午。山东进香普陀者日至,嘉湖进香天竺者日至,至则与湖之人市焉,故曰香市。然进香之人市于三天竺,市于岳王坟,市于湖心亭,市于陆宣公祠,无不 市,而独凑集于昭庆寺。昭庆寺两廊,故无日不市者,三代八朝之古董,蛮夷闽貊①之珍异,皆集焉。

此时春暖,桃柳明媚,鼓吹清和,岸无留船,寓无留客,肆无留酿。袁石公所谓“山色如娥,花光如颊,波纹如绫,温风如酒”,已画出西湖三月。而此以香客杂来,光景又别。士女闲都,不胜其村妆野妇之乔画;芳兰香泽,不胜其合香芫荽之薰蒸;丝竹管弦,不胜其摇鼓吹笙之聒帐②;鼎彝光怪,不胜其泥人竹马之行情;宋元名画,不胜其湖景佛图纸贵。如逃如逐,如奔如追,撩扑不开,牵挽不住。数百十万男男女女、老老少少,日簇拥于寺之前后左右者,凡四阅月方罢。恐大江以东,断无此二地矣。

崇祯庚辰三月,昭庆寺火。是岁及辛巳、壬午涛饥洊③,民强丰饿死。壬午虏鲠④山东,香客断绝,无有至者,市遂废。辛巳夏,余在西湖,但见城中饿殍舁出,扛挽相属。时杭州刘太守梦谦,汴梁人,乡里抽丰⑤者多寓西湖,日以民词馈送。有轻薄子改古诗诮之曰:“山不青山楼不楼,西湖歌舞一时休。暖风吹得死人臭,还把杭州送汴州。”可作西湖实录。

(节选自张岱《陶庵梦忆》)

注①蛮夷闽貊(mò):泛指少数民族。②聒帐:通宵宴饮,管弦齐奏的热闹景象。③)洊(jiàn)饥:连年饥荒。④虏鲠:指盗贼横行。⑤抽丰:指利用各种关系和借口向别人索取财物。

小题1:对下列句子中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.起于花朝,尽于端午尽:终止

B.嘉湖进香天竺者日至日:每天

C.凡四阅月方罢凡:总共

D.断无此二地矣断:判断小题2:下列对文章的分析和概括,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.第一段叙述从山东、嘉湖前来普陀寺、天竺寺进香的人,与西湖边的人做买卖,交代了香市的由来。

D.第二段运用排比和对比的手法,描绘出香市热闹繁荣的景象,反映出作者崇尚村野淳 朴生活的情趣。

C.第三段写“轻薄子”将前人诗句改为“还把杭州送汴州”等,反映了百姓对太守刘梦谦的不满和讽刺。

D.作者借香市的兴废,反映于杭州的衰落,透露出沧桑之感,表达了天灾可怕但人祸更为致命的思想。

小题3:把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(9分)

(1)宋元名画,不胜其湖景佛图之纸贵。(4分)

译:

(2)辛巳夏,余在西湖,但见城中饿殍舁出,扛挽相属。(5分)

译:

答案

小题:(3分) D

小题:  (3分) B

小题:  (9分)(1)、(4分)宋元的名画,比不上那西湖风景画和佛画的畅销风行。(意思对、语句通顺2分,“胜”“其”译对各1分) (2)(5分)辛巳年夏天,我在西湖,只见城里饿死的尸体被运出,抬的抬。拉的拉,接连不断。(意思对、语句通顺2分,“但”“饿殍”“属”译对各1分)

小题:(3分) D(应为“绝对”)

小题: (3分) B、(“崇尚村野淳朴生活的情趣”有误)

小题:见译文

参考译文

西湖的香市,从二月十五花朝节开始,到五月初五端午节终止。在这一段日子里,山东到   普陀进香的人每天都有,嘉兴府、湖州府到天竺寺进香的人每天都有,从各地来的人到了就和   西湖边白》人在这里做买卖,所以叫“香市”。各地到这里来进香的人在上、中、下三个天竺寺做买卖,在岳王坟做买卖,在湖心亭做买卖,在陆宣公祠做买卖,可说是无处不做买卖,但是在昭庆寺最为集中。昭庆寺两侧长廊里,所以没有一天不开市的,三代八朝的古董,边远地区的珍宝,都齐集在这里。

这时春暖花开,桃柳明媚,鼓乐悠扬,岸旁没有停留的船。客店没有停留的客。酒馆没有留下的酒。袁宏道所说的“山色如娥眉,花容若红颜。水波似绫缎,和风赛佳酿”,已经描绘出了西湖三月的风光。而这时因有各地香客来西湖。又是一番光景。才子佳人的文雅优美,比不上那村姑农女的乔妆打扮;幽兰的清香,比不上那苏合香芫荽菜的浓香;琴笛丝竹的乐声,比不上那擂鼓吹笙的通宵合奏;奇形怪状的古玩,比不上那泥人竹马的行情走俏;宋元的名画,比不上那西湖风景画和佛画的畅销风行。人们来来往往,追赶奔忙,拉不开,牵不住。几百几十万男男女女、老老少少,每天簇拥在寺的前后左右,总共持续四个月才散市。恐怕在长江以   东,绝对没有第二处。

崇祯庚辰年二月。昭庆寺遭火灾。这一年到辛巳年、壬午年,接连发生饥荒,百姓过半饿   死。壬午年盗贼横行山东,北方香客南来之路断绝,没有到达的,香市就废止了。辛巳年夏天,我在西湖,只见城里饿死的尸体被运出,抬的抬,拉的拉,接连不断。那时作杭州太守的是刘梦谦,汴梁人,各乡打秋风分肥的大多住在西湖边,成天包揽诉讼,把诉讼所得贿送给刘太   守。有位好开玩笑的文人改了古诗来讥讽他,诗句是:“山不像青山楼不像楼,西湖的歌舞一   时罢休了。暖风吹得死人发臭,要把杭州全送给刘汴州。”这可以说是西湖民生的真实写照。

阅读理解

The Future Stars

General introduction

The Future Stars was set up in 1988 as a non-profit service center for child development devoted to providing quality childcare in a loving and educational environment for children 6 weeks to 6 years of age. Our funds mainly come from public donations.

A healthy curiosity about learning is the most important quality for early childhood development. We aim at offering high quality developmentally age-appropriate activities for early childhood, the most Important time of child development, so that they can do better after they start formal schooling.

Hours of operation

Childcare will be provided for the child from 7:00 am to 6:00 pm Monday through Friday except for holidays. Children may not arrive before 7:00 am or remain after 6:00 pm. Should an emergency arise, the parent should immediately make us know in consideration of our work arrangements. A late charge of $ 1.00 per minute will be assessed if the child is not picked up by 6:05 pm. Charges for these services are to be paid directly to the staff person that has been looking after your child until your arrival, not to the center. Failure to pay late charges may affect continued services with the center.

Tuition (学费)

When it has been confirmed that a position is available for your child, you must pay a registration (注册) fee of $200 per child.

The weekly tuition fee is $ 98.00. You can make payments either by credit card or in cash on Monday every week. If your payment is not made by Tuesday at 9:00 am, you will be charged a $ 25.00 late fee.

For more information, please call 434-293-6110 or visit www.childdevelopmentcenter.com.

小题1:The Future Stars is intended for______.

A.would-be parents

B.teenagers

C.child experts

D.pre-school children小题2:What can we know about late pickups from the passage?

A.They may affect continued services with the center.

B.Parents have to pay late charges for them to the center.

C.Parents have to inform the center of them right away.

D.They greatly disturb the work arrangements of the center.小题3:If you want your child to receive childcare services from the Future Stars,you must ___.

A. pay extra for delayed payment

B. pay every Tuesday

C pay $ 98 for registration

D. pay in cash

小题4:What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To attract public donations.

B.To promote early education.

C.To tell the benefits of childcare.

D.To introduce a child development center.

单项选择题