问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文言文,回答问题

羊耽妻辛氏,字宪英,陇西人,魏侍中毗之女也。聪朗有才鉴。初,魏文帝得立为太子,抱毗项谓之曰:“辛君知我喜不?”毗以告宪英,宪英叹曰:“太子,代君主宗庙社稷者也。代君不可以不戚,主国不可以不惧,宜戚而喜,何以能久!魏其不昌乎?”

弟敞为大 * * 曹爽参军,宣帝将诛爽,因其从魏帝出而闭城门,爽司马鲁芝率府兵斩关赴爽,呼敞同去。敞惧,问宪英曰:“天子在外,太傅闭城门,人云将不利国家,于事可得尔乎?”宪英曰:“事有不可知,然以吾度之,太傅殆不得不尔。明皇帝临崩,把太傅臂,属以后事,此言犹在朝士之耳。且曹爽与太傅从受寄托之任,而独专权势,于王室不忠,于人道不直,此举不过以诛爽耳。”敞曰:“然则敞无出乎?”宪英曰:“安可以不出!职守,人之大义也。凡人在难,犹或恤之;为人执鞭而弃其事,不祥也。且为人任,为人死,亲昵之职也,汝从众而已。”敞遂出。宣帝果诛爽。事定后,敞叹曰:“吾不谋于姊,几不莸于义!”

其后钟会为镇西 * * ,宪英谓耽从子祜曰:“钟士季何故西出?”祜曰:“将为灭蜀也。”

宪英曰:“会在事纵恣,非持久处下之道,吾畏其有他志也。”及会将行,请其子琇为参军,宪英忧曰:“他日吾为国忧,今日难至吾家矣。” 琇固请于文帝,帝不听。宪英谓琇曰:“行矣,戒之!古之君子入则致孝于亲,出则致节下于国;在职思其所司,在义思其所立,不遗父母忧患而已,军旅之间可以济者,其惟仁恕乎!”会至蜀果反,琇竟以全归。祜尝送锦被,宪英嫌其华,反而覆之,其明鉴俭约如此。泰始五年卒,年七十九。

(选自《晋书•列女》)

小题1:对下列句子中加点字的解释,不正确的一项是( )

A.代君不可以不戚 戚:忧愁。

B.斩关赴爽,呼敞同去 关:关隘。

C.凡人在难,犹或恤之 恤:担忧。

D.会至蜀果反,琇竟以全归 竟:终于。小题2:下列各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是( )

A.①魏其不昌乎 ②愚人之所以为愚,其皆出于此乎

B.①吾不谋于姊,几不莸于义 ②辞楼下殿,辇来于秦

C.①祜曰:“将为灭蜀也。” ②师道之不传也久矣

D.①且为人任,为人死 ②则递三世可至万世而为君小题3:以下句子分别编为四组,全都说明辛氏“明鉴”的一组是( )

①魏其不昌乎 ②以吾度之,太傅殆不得不尔

③请其子琇为参军 ④吾不谋于姊,几不莸于义

⑤宪英嫌其华,反而覆之 ⑥会至蜀果反

A.①③⑤

B.②③④

C.①④⑥

D.②⑤⑥小题4:下列对原文有关内容的叙述与分析,不正确的一项是( )

A.魏文帝当初被立为太子的时候,欣喜异常。宪英知道后,认为他缺乏忧患意识,国运

难以长久。

B.大 * * 曹爽与太傅俱受明皇帝临终之托,曹爽却大权独揽,谋篡帝位,被宣帝诛杀,是

他罪有应得。

C.曹爽蒙难,辛敞终随鲁芝赴险,虽救援未果,却成就了自己的义行,这得力于姐姐的帮助。

D.钟会有反心,在他做镇西 * * 时,请羊琇任随军,羊琇固辞,帝双不允,只好依母命而行,终于化险为夷。小题5:把文言文阅读中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(8分)

(1)为人执鞭而弃其事,不祥也。(2分)

译文: 。

(2)会在事纵恣,非持久处下之道,吾畏其有他志也(3分)

译文: 。

(3)古之君子入则致孝于亲,出则致节下于国。(3分)

译文: 。

答案

 

小题:B

小题:A

小题:C

小题:B

小题:(8分)

(1)替人家服役却不为人家做事,这样做是不吉利的。(2分)

(2)钟会处事往往恣意而为,这可不是长久居于人下的作风,我怕他有别的不可告人的打算。(3分)

(3)古代的君子,在家中就向父母尽孝道,离家后就向国家尽忠。(3分)

小题:B[解说](关:门闩)

小题:A[解说](都是语气副词,相当于“大概”;B项①介词,相当于“与”②介词,相当于“到”;C项①助词,表示肯定语气②助词,用于句中停顿,舒缓语气;D项①介词,相当于“被”②介词,相当于“做”)

小题:C[解说](排除③⑤即可)

小题:B[解说](“谋篡帝位”理解不当)

小题:见译文

[译文]

羊耽的妻子辛氏,字宪英,陇西人,是魏侍中辛毗的女儿。为人聪明,有才干和鉴察力。当初,魏文帝被立为太子的时候,抱着辛毗的脖子对他说:“辛君你知道我高兴吗?”辛毗把这件事告诉了宪英,宪英叹息道:“太子是要继承君王、宗庙和国家的人。接替君王就不能不忧愁,主持国政就不能不忧惧,应该忧愁反而高兴,国家怎么能长久!魏国恐怕就不会兴盛吧?”

辛氏的弟弟辛敞任大 * * 曹爽的参军,宣帝将要诛杀曹爽,趁着曹爽跟从魏帝出城门的时候关闭了城门,曹爽的司马鲁芝率领府兵砍断门闩去救曹爽,招呼辛敞和他一同去。辛敞很害怕,就问宪英说:“天子在城外,太傅就半闭了城门,人们说这将会不利国家,事情能够这样做吗?”宪英说:“有些事情恐怕我们不了解,但是根据我的估计,太傅大概是不得不这样。明皇帝临终的时候,把着太傅的手臂,嘱托后事,这些话还在朝臣的耳边回响。况且曹爽和太傅一起从皇帝那里接受了托付的重任,可是曹爽却大权独揽,这对王室来说就是不忠,从人道上来讲就是无理,太傅的这个举动不过是要诛杀曹爽罢了。”辛敞说:“既然如此,那我们就不要去出城营救了?”宪英说:“怎么能不去呢!恪尽职守,这是人的大义。大凡有人遇到灾难,尚且要去救助;替人家执鞭服役却不为人家做事,这样做是不吉利的。况且被人家重用,就要为人家效命,这是受人重任之人应尽的职分,你只要跟着大家一起去就行了。”辛敞于是出城和大家一起去救曹爽了,宣帝果然诛杀了曹爽。事情平定之后,辛敞感叹说:“我如果不和姐姐商量这件事,几乎失去了道义。”

后来钟会担任了镇西 * * ,宪英对羊耽的侄子羊祜说:“钟士季为什么到西边去?”羊祜说:“为了灭掉蜀国。”宪英说:“钟会处事往往恣意而为,这可不是长久居于人下的作风,我怕他有别的不可告人的打算。”等到钟会将要出发的时候,他请求让宪英的儿子羊王秀 任参军,宪英忧虑地说:“以前我为国家担忧,现在灾难到我家了。”羊王秀 坚决向文帝请求不去任参军,文帝不允许。宪英对羊王秀 说:“去吧,一定要谨慎!古代的君子,在家中就向父母尽孝道,离家后就向国家尽忠;在职位上就要想到自己所担任的工作,在道义方面就要想到自己的立身行事,不给父母留下忧患罢了,在军队里能够解救你的大概只有‘仁恕’吧!”钟会到了蜀地果然反叛了,而羊王秀 终于能够完好的回还。羊祜曾经送给宪英锦被,宪英嫌锦被华丽,就反过来盖,她就是这样洞察事情,生活俭约,她泰始五年去也,享年七十九岁。

阅读理解

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A.go to the countryside

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C.know how to cook fish

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A.Best Learners

B.Successful Fishermen

C.How to Keep Pets

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A.call the writer

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C.search the Internet

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C.tell people how to keep pets

D.teach students to study easily and fast小题5:You can most probably (可能) find this passage in a____________ .

A.story

B.report

C.dictionary

D.newspaper

单项选择题