问题 阅读理解与欣赏

贾复字君文,南阳冠军人也。少好学,习《尚书》。事舞阴李生,李生奇之,谓门人曰:“贾君之容貌志气如此,而勤于学,将相之器也。”王莽末,为县掾,迎盐河东,会遇盗贼,等比十余人皆放散其盐,复独完以还县,县中称其信。

光武至信都,以复为偏 * * 。及拔邯郸,迁都护 * * 。从击青犊①于射犬②,大战至日中,贼陈坚不却。光武传召复曰:“吏士皆饥,可且朝饭。”复曰:“先破之,然后食耳!”于是被羽先登,所向皆靡,贼乃败走。诸将咸服其勇。又北与五校战于真定,大破之。复伤创甚。光武大惊曰:“我所以不令贾复别将者,为其轻敌也。果然,失吾名将。闻其妇有孕,生女邪,我子娶之,生男邪,我女嫁之,不令其忧妻子也。”复病寻愈,追及光武于蓟,相见甚欢,大飨士卒,令复居前,击邺贼,破之。

光武即位,拜为执金吾,封冠军侯。先度河攻朱鲔于洛阳,与白虎公陈侨战,连破降之。更始郾王尹尊及诸大将在南方未降者尚多,帝召诸将议兵事,未有言,沉吟久之,乃以檄叩地曰:“郾最强,宛为次,谁当击之?”复率然对曰:“臣请击郾。”帝笑曰:“执金吾击郾,吾复何忧!大司马当击宛”。 遂遣复与骑都尉阴识、骁骑 * * 刘植南渡五社津击郾,连破之。月余,尹尊降,尽定其地。明年春,迁左 * * 。

复从征伐,未尝丧败,数与诸将溃围解急,身被十二创。帝以复敢深入,希令远征,而壮其勇节,常自从之,故复少方面之勋。诸将每论功自伐,复未尝有言。帝辄曰:“贾君之功,我自知之。”

十三年,定封胶东侯。食郁秩、壮武、下密、即墨、梃、观阳,凡六县。复知帝欲偃干戈,修文德,不欲功臣拥众京师,乃与高密侯邓禹并剽甲兵,敦儒学。帝深然之,遂罢左右 * * 。复以列侯就第,加位特进。复为人刚毅方直,多大节。既还私第,阖门养威重。朱 佑 等 荐 复 宜 为 宰 相 帝 方 以 吏 事 责 三 公 故 功 臣 并 不 用 是 时 列侯 唯 高 密 固 始 胶 东 三 侯 与 公 卿 参 议 国 家 大 事 恩 遇 甚 厚 三 十 一 年 卒 谥 曰 刚 侯。

(选自《后汉书•冯岑贾列传第七》,有删改)

①青犊:当时一支起义军。②射犬:地名,今河南武陟县西北。

5.对下列句子中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是()(3分)

A.王莽末,为县掾,迎盐河东,会遇盗贼 会:恰好

B.未有言,沉吟久之,乃以檄叩地叩:敲打,击打

C.数与诸将溃围解急,身被十二创被:遭受

D.诸将每论功自伐,复未尝有言 伐:征战的事

6.下列各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是()(3分)

A.复独完以还县,县中称其信 

帝以复敢深入,希令远征 

B.贾君……而勤于学,将相之器也。

生男邪,我女嫁之,不令其忧妻子也。

C.于是被羽先登,所向皆靡,贼乃败走 

沉吟久之,乃以檄叩地

D.遂遣复与骑都尉阴识、骁骑 * * 刘植南渡五社津击郾 

数与诸将溃围解急,身被十二创

7.下列句子中,全都直接表现贾复勇敢的一项是()(3分)

①于是被羽先登,所向皆靡②诸将咸服其勇 

③复率然对曰:“臣请击郾。”④数与诸将溃围解急,身被十二创

⑤帝以复敢深入,希令远征,而壮其勇节 ⑥复为人刚毅方直,多大节

A. ①②⑥  B. ①④⑤C. ③④⑤D. ①③④

8.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是()(3分)

A.贾复做县掾,到河东运盐,正遇上盗贼,同行的十多人都扔掉他们的盐跑了,只有贾复完整地带着盐回到县里,县里人都称赞他值得信任。

B.光武帝之所以不让贾复单独带兵打仗,是因为他过于勇敢而容易轻敌。

C.贾复主动要求去攻打实力最强大的更始帝和郾王尹尊,终于获得胜利。

D.贾复被定封为胶东侯,食邑有郁秩、壮武、下密、即墨、梃、观阳,共六个县。

9.(1)把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(6分)

①从击青犊于射犬,大战至日中,贼陈坚不却

②复知帝欲偃干戈,修文德,不欲功臣拥众京师

(2)阅读下面一段文字,用“/”线给文中画线的文字断句。(4分)

朱佑等荐复宜为宰相帝方以吏事责三公故功臣并不用是时列侯唯高密固始胶东三侯与公卿参议国家大事恩遇甚厚三十一年卒谥曰刚侯

答案

5、D

6、C

7、D

8、C

9.(1)翻译文言文(6分)

①随从光武在射犬这个地方攻击青犊,大战从早上打到中午,贼众的阵形还是那样坚固不败退。

②贾复知道光武帝要停止战争,治理教化和德行,不想众多功臣拥兵在京城。

(2)断句(4分)

朱佑等荐复宜为宰相/帝方以吏事责三公/故功臣并不用/是时/列侯唯高密/固始/胶东三侯与公卿参议国家大事/恩遇甚厚/三十一年卒/谥曰刚侯

5. D.夸耀(3分)

6. C. 副词,才【A.介词,相当于“拿”(带着),后面省略“之”(盐)/介词,因为;B.语气词,表判断/语气词,表陈述;D.连词,和/介词,跟】(3分)

7. D.(②是诸将的看法,侧面表现其勇;⑤是皇帝的看法,还是侧面表现其勇;⑥是修史者对他品格的评价)(3分)

8. C.(是更始帝时代的郾王尹尊)(3分)

9、采分点

(1)①(“从”,随从、跟从;“于射犬”,状语后置;“陈”,通“阵”,各1分)

②(“干戈”,战争;“修文德”,治理教化和德行;……拥众(于)京师,省略,各1分)

(2)(错断、漏断两处扣1分)

【附参考译文】

贾复字君文,是南阳郡冠军县人。他年轻的时候很好学,研习《尚书》。师事舞阴县李生,李生认为他是奇才,对他的弟子说:“贾复这个人容貌不志气像这样,并且勤奋好学,是做将相的材料呀。”王莽新朝末年,贾复在县中当掾属小官。去河东接收盐,恰好遇到盗贼,同行的十几人都丢了他们的盐逃跑了,只有贾复完整地带着盐回到县里。因为这件事,县中的人都认为他很讲信义。

光武皇帝(刘秀)去信都郡时,任命贾复为偏 * * 。等到攻下邯郸时,贾复升任都护 * * 。随从光武在射犬这个地方攻击青犊,大战从早上打到中午,贼众的阵形还是那样坚固不败退。光武帝传令贾复说:“将士们都饿了,可以暂停攻击,先吃早饭吧。”贾复却说:“先打败他们,再吃饭!”于是贾复冒着乱箭,率先冲向敌阵,他所到之处,敌人都挡不住才败退逃跑了。各位大将都很佩服贾复的勇气。后来又北上和五校(也是一枝河北附近的起义军)在真定附近决战,大举击破敌军。贾复受了重伤。光武帝大惊失色说:“我之所以不叫贾复单独带兵,就是因为他容易轻敌。现在果然是这样。唉!难道上天要我失去一位名将吗?我听说他的妻子已经有身孕了,如果生的是女的,我儿子娶他为妻,如果是男的,我女儿嫁给他儿子为妇。一定不让他忧心妻儿子女。”贾复的伤不久就被治愈了,在蓟这个地方追上了光武帝。两人相见都很高兴,大宴士卒。命令贾复在前面开路,攻击邺城的贼兵,打败了他们。

光武帝当上皇帝时,任命贾复为执金吾(京城及其附近警卫长官,不包括皇城及皇宫),并且封他为冠军侯。(攻打更始帝时),贾复先渡过黄河到洛阳进攻朱鲔,和白虎公陈侨作战,连连击败他迫使他投降。更始帝的部下郾王尹尊和各大将在南方还未投降光武帝的还有很多。光武帝召集各路大将商议以后军队进攻方向,先不说话,沉吟了很久,才用檄击打地上,说:“郾县最强大,宛县第二,你们谁能击破这两个据点?”贾复立即起身说:“让我去打郾县吧。”光武帝微笑说:“执金吾去打郾县,我还有什么可担心的呢?大司马也应当出击攻打宛县。”于是调派贾复和骑都尉阴识、骁骑 * * 刘植向南渡过五社津,去攻打郾县,连连打败了那里的敌军。过了一个多月,尹尊熬不过投降了,所属各县全部平定了。第二年春天,光武帝升任他为左 * * 。

贾复跟随光武帝征伐四方,从来不曾打过败仗,几次和诸位 * * 打溃敌军重围,解救我军于危难之中,身体遭受过十二处重伤。光武帝因为贾复敢于深入敌军拼命,很少叫他出征了。但是虽然如此,还是很欣赏他的勇敢和节操,经常把他带在身边,贾复就没有单独带领一支部队镇守一方的功劳。各大将论功自夸的时候,贾复也从不说话。光武帝常常会说:“贾复的功劳,我心里明白。”

建武十三年,贾复被定封为胶东侯,食邑为郁秩、壮武、下密、即墨、梃、观阳,总共六个县。(即六县的税收都归贾复所有)贾复知道光武帝要停止战争,治理教化和德行,不想众多功臣拥兵(在)京城,便和高密侯邓禹一起削减军队,修习儒学。光武帝深感他们做得对。于是便罢免了左、右 * * 这两个职位。贾复以侯爵的身份回家(享福了),加赐特进(官名)。贾复做人刚毅正直,讲究大节。回家后,闭门修养威严(不结党营私)。朱佑等人又推荐贾复适宜做宰相。皇帝正准备用三公(宰相被光武分为三公——太尉、司徒、司空,朱佑等人想让贾复当上这三个官职中的一个)整顿吏治,当时功臣都不在选用之列。那个时候,被封为列侯的开国功臣,只有高密侯、固始侯、胶东侯三人和公卿一起参议国家大事,这三人所受到的恩遇比别人厚很多。建武三十一年,贾复就死了。死后的谥号是刚侯。

阅读理解

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Ⅲ 阅读(共两节。满分40分)

第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I’ve loved my mother’s desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as Mother sat doing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.

Years later, during her final illness, Mother kept different things for my sister and brother. “But the desk”, he said, “is for Elizabeth” 。

I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me, she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.

They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional”. But she lived “on the surface”.

As years passed and I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive me.

I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came.

My hope turned to disappointment, the little interest, finally, peace — it seemed that nothing happened. I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to Mother. I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.

Now the present of her desk told me, as she’d never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work, I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside — a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times.

Give me an answer, my desk, in any way you choose, Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.

31. The writer began to love her mother’s desk _______.

A. after Mother died             B. before she became a writer

C. when she was a child          D. when Mother gave it to her

32. The passage shows about _______.

A. Mother wrote her daughter in careful words

B. Mother cared much about her daughter in words

C. Mother was too serious about everything her daughter had done

D. Mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter

33. The word “gulf” in the 4th paragraph means _______.

A. part of the sea going far in land

B. free talks between mother and daughter

C. different ideas between the mother and daughter

D. deep understanding between the old and the young

34. What did Mother do with her daughter’s letter asking for forgiveness?

A. She had never received the letter.

B. She read the letter again and again till she died.

C. For years, she often talked about the letter.

D. She didn’t forgive her daughter at all in her life.

35. What’s the best title of the passage?

A. My letter to Mother                 B. Mother and children

C. My Mother’s Desk                  D. Talks between Mother and Me

单项选择题