问题 问答题 论述题

分析《复活》中聂赫留朵夫形象。

答案

参考答案:

聂赫留朵夫性格发展的三个阶段:

(1)进入沙皇军队之前的那段时期。它思想单存,接受资产阶级民主主义思想影响,是英国哲学家斯宾塞的信徒,从道德的角度否定土地私有、把继承来的土地送给农民。此时他作风正派,是个思想进步的“真正的贵族青年”。

(2)到彼得堡进入军队到法庭上见到玛丝洛娃为止。他腐化堕落时期,受环境影响,一味追求享乐,过着荒淫无耻的生活。诱 * * 了纯洁的少女喀秋莎并残忍地抛弃了她。心灵深处虽感到负疚,但仍沉溺在花天酒地中。此时,他丧失了青年时期道德上的纯洁赫雄心壮志,是一个饱食终日的腐朽的贵族。

(3)在法庭上同玛丝洛娃见面后,他的性格发展进入第三阶段。玛丝洛娃的悲惨遭遇震撼了他的灵魂,他决心以行动赎罪。在为玛丝洛娃伸冤的过程中,他接触了腐朽的贵族官僚,也了解了广大人民所遭受的苦难。他站在民主主义赫人道主义的立场上,对自己出身的阶级产生了憎恶情绪。但他的认识只局限于通过宗教和人类之爱来解决社会矛盾。在作品的结尾,聂赫留朵夫世纪成了托尔斯泰宣扬道德自我完善和不以暴力抗恶的传声筒。

聂赫留朵夫是一个“忏悔贵族”形象,是托尔斯泰自传性人物中的一个特殊典型。聂赫留朵夫对人民苦难的同情,对本阶级罪恶的忏悔,对专制制度的谴责,反映了在专制制度的危机时代统治阶级内部的分化;他在忏悔过程中的矛盾、彷徨,以及最后走向宗教,既概括了当时一部分进步贵族知识分子的精神状态,也反映了托尔斯泰世界观的矛盾。

单项选择题
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I was fifteen months old, a happy, carefree kid until the day I fell.It was a bad fall.I landed on a glass rabbit which cut my eye badly enough to blind it.Trying to save the eye, the doctors stitched the eyeball together where it was cut, leaving a big ugly scar in the middle of my eye.And as I grew, this sightless eye in so many ways controlled me.

Yet Mama would say to me, at every turn, "Hold your head up high and face the world." It became a litany that I relied on.She had started when I was young.She would hold me in her arms and stroke my hair and say, "If you hold your head up high, it will be okay, and people will see your beautiful soul." She continued this message whenever I wanted to hide.

Those words have meant different things to me over the years.As a little child, I thought Mama meant; "Be careful or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking." As an a dolescent, even though I tended to look down to hide my shame, I found that sometimes when I held my head up high and let people know me, they lilted me.My mama’s words helped me begin to realize that by letting people look at my face, I let them recognize the intelligence and beauty behind both eyes even if they couldn’t see it on the surface.

In high school I was successful both academically and socially.I was even elected class president, but on the inside I still felt like a freak.Ail I really wanted was to look like everyone else.When things got really bad, I would cry to my mama and she would look at me with loving eyes and say, "Hold your head up high and face the world.Let them see the beauty that is inside."

When I met the man who became my partner for life, we looked each other straight in the eye, and he told me I was beautiful inside and out.He meant it.My mama’s love and encouragement were the spark that gave me the confidence to overcome my own doubt.I had faced adversity, encountered my problems head on, and learned not only to appreciate myself but to have deep compassion for others.

"Hold your head up high," has been heard many times in my home.Each of my children has felt its invitation.The gift my mama gave me lives on in another generation.

小题1:How did the writer have her eyes hurt?

A.She was attacked by a glass rabbit.

B.Her eyes were hurt by accident.

C.The doctor made a mistake.

D.A serious illness blinded her.小题2:When she heard her mother told her to hold her head up high for the first time, she_____.

A.didn’t fully understand these words

B.was greatly encouraged and moved

C.was puzzled by these words

D.was surprised by these words小题3:Why did the writer still feel unhappy when she was successful both academically and socially?

A.Because she was not satisfied with what she has.

B.Because she thought she could have done better.

C.Because she wanted to live a normal life.

D.Because she really wanted to be different.小题4:What is the point of the story?

A.A mother’s love for a daughter is a treasure.

B.One should not be controlled by others.

C.The real beauty is inside out.

D.Where there is a will.there is a way.