问题 填空题

看到别人点燃大捆礼炮时,很多人赶紧闭上嘴巴,用手紧捂耳朵,这样做能减少______进入耳内,减轻______的振动,这是一种反射.而反射是______调节的基本方式,人体的反射活动是通过反射弧来完成的.按照神经冲动的传递方向顺序反射弧结构依次包括感受器→传入神经→______→传出神经→______.人类特有的反射活动是指对______的反射.

答案

当听到巨大声响时,空气震动剧烈导致耳膜受到的压力突然增大,容易击穿鼓膜.这时张大嘴巴可以使鼓膜内外压强相等(因为内部有咽鼓管连通),避免对鼓膜造成损伤;如果闭嘴同时用双手堵耳也是同样道理,这样就避免了压强的突然改变,这样做能减少声波进入耳内,减轻鼓膜的振动.

反射是指在神经系统的参与下,人体对内外环境刺激所作出的有规律性的反应.神经调节的基本方式是反射,反射活动的结构基础称为反射弧,包括感受器、传入神经、神经中枢、传出神经和效应器.反射必须通过反射弧来完成.缺少任何一个环节反射活动都不能完成,如传出神经受损,即使有较强的刺激人体也不会作出反应,因为效应器接收不到神经传来的神经冲动.按照神经冲动的传递方向顺序反射弧结构依次包括感受器→传入神经→神经中枢→传出神经→效应器.

人类特有的反射,是通过大脑皮层的人类特有的语言中枢对语言文字等建立的条件反射.

故答案为:声波;鼓膜;神经;神经中枢;效应器;语言文字.

问答题 简答题
完形填空
完形填空
     The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully,up the steps.
She paid the driver and then, using her hands to   1    the seats,settled in one of them.
     It had been a year since Susan became blind.As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown
into a world of   2    Susan's husband Mark watched her  3     into hopelessness and he was   4    to
use every possible means to help his wife.
     Finally,Susan felt ready to   5    to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the
bus, but she was now too   6    to get around the city by herself.Mark   7    to ride the bus with Susan
each morning and evening   8    she could manage it by herself.
     For two weeks, Mark   9    Susan to and from work each day.He taught her how to rely on her
other   10   , specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new   11   . 
     At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip   12    .Monday morning arrived.Before
she left, she hugged her husband   13    , her eyes filled with tears of gratitude(感激).She said
goodbye and, for the first time, they went their   14    ways.Each day went perfectly,and a wild
excitement   15    Susan.She was doing it!
     On Friday morning,Susan took the bus to work   16   . As she was getting off the bus, the driver
said,“Miss,I sure   17    you.” Curious,Susan asked the driver   18    .
     “You know, every morning for the   19    week, a finelooking gentleman in a military uniform has
been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely.” the bus driver
said.
     Tears of happiness poured down Susan's cheeks.She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more
powerful than   20    .That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.
( )1. A. touch      
( )2. A. weakness    
( )3. A. run        
( )4. A. inspired   
( )5. A. return      
( )6. A. tired      
( )7.     A. volunteered  
( )8. A. when        
( )9. A. drove      
( )10.A. feelings    
( )11.A. position    
( )12.A. on her own    
( )13.A. politely    
( )14.A. opposite    
( )15.A. took charge of
( )16.A. as usual    
( )17.A. respect    
( )18.A. what          
( )19.A. past          
( )20.A. courage    
B.grab          
B.sickness      
B.sink          
B.determined    
B.adjust        
B.astonished    
B.attempted      
B.as            
B.directed      
B.organs        
B.environment    
B.in person      
B.calmly        
B.separate      
B.took place of  
B.as a rule      
B.envy          
B.how            
B.same          
B.will          
C.count            
C.darkness          
C.jump              
C.honored            
C.contribute        
C.depressed        
C.continued        
C.until            
C.accompanied      
C.skills            
C.status            
C.to her benefit    
C.briefly          
C.fixed            
C.took advantage of  
C.as well          
C.know              
C.why              
C.first            
C.sight            
D.feel                  
D.sadness              
D.step                  
D.pleased              
D.stick                
D.frightened            
D.struggled            
D.after                
D.sent                  
D.senses                
D.role                  
D.on foot              
D.tightly              
D.lonely                
D.took hold of          
D.as a consequence      
D.support              
D.who                  
D.next                  
D.wisdom