问题 计算题

如图所示,质量M = 1kg的木板静止在粗糙的水平地面上,木板与地面间的动摩擦因数μ1=0.1,在木板的左端放置一个质量m=1kg、大小可以忽略的铁块,铁块与木板间的动摩擦因数μ2=0.4,取g=10m/s2,试求:

(1)若木板长L=1m,在铁块上加一个水平向右的恒力F=8N,经过多长时间铁块运动到木板的右端?

(2)若在木板(足够长)的右端施加一个大小从零开始连续增加的水平向左的力F,请在图中画出铁块受到的摩擦力f随力F大小变化的图像。

       

答案

解:(1)研究木块m:F-μ2mg=ma1

      研究木板M:μ2mg-μ1(mg+Mg)=Ma2

      L=a1t2a2t2,解得:t=1s

(2)当F≤μ1(mg+Mg)时,f=0N

      当μ1(mg+Mg)<F≤10N时,M、m相对静止

      则有:F-μ1(mg+Mg)=(m+M)a

      f=ma,即:f=-1N

      当10N<F时,m相对M滑动,此时摩擦力f=μ2mg=4N  

       

单项选择题
单项选择题

The history of African—Americans during the past 400 years is traditionally narrated (1) an ongoing struggle against (2) and indifference on the part of the American mainstream, and a struggle (3) as an upward movement is (4) toward ever more justice and opportunity.

Technology in and of (5) is not at fault; it’s much too simple to say that gunpowder or agricultural machinery or fiber optics (6) been the enemy of an (7) group of people. A certain machine is put (8) work in a certain way—the purpose (9) which it was designed. The people who design the machines are not intent on unleashing chaos; they are usually trying to (10) a task more quickly, cleanly, or cheaply, (11) the imperative of innovation and efficiency that has ruled Western civilization (12) the Renaissance.

Mastery of technology is second only (13) money as the true measure of accomplishment in this country, and it is very likely that by (14) this under-representation in the technological realm, and by not questioning and examining the folkways that have (15) it, blacks are allowing. (16) to be kept out of the mainstream once again. This time, however, they will be (17) from the greatest cash engine of the twenty-first century. Inner-city blacks in particular are in danger, and the beautiful suburbs (18) ring the decay of Hartford, shed the past and learn to exist without contemplating or encountering the tragedy of the inner city.

And blacks must change as well. The ways that (19) their ancestors through captivity and coming to freedom have begun to loose their utility. If blacks (20) to survive as full participants in this society, they have to understand what works now.

6()

A. have

B. to have

C. has

D. to has