Leadership is the art of getting someone to do something you want done because he wants to do it. People naturally want to follow a good leader. After meeting with an effective leader it is not unusual to feel uplifted(情绪高涨), inspired, and motivated to work towards a common goal.

An effective leader makes others feel good about themselves, as well as the work they are doing. The leader has a vision(幻想)of what he or she wants to achieve, and can communicate that vision to others in a way that makes people want to be part of it. One thing a good leader typically does is to communicate the big picture, so that each employee can see how the particular role he or she plays makes a contribution to the final result.

Good leaders are positive and optimistic when they speak about the future. Their enthusiasm wins them plenty of supporters who help make their vision a reality.

Good leaders also understand that different people are motivated by different things. For employees motivated by a need for achievement, a leader explains how the task offers an opportunity to take on a challenge with an achievable goal. And employees are motivated by hearing how they will be part of a team of people working together.

Good leaders will introduce employees by name first, rather than job titles. They refer to employees as team members, companions, or colleagues, never as “servants”. Words have power, including the power to make people feel whether or not they are important to the success of an organization.

Good leaders believe that every team member matters and set up environments that make everyone feel important. It is no wonder they can attract the support they need to help them achieve their goals.

小题1:What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

A．To tell us how to be a good leader at work.

B．To describe the proper relationship between leaders and employees.

C．To inform us of how leaders and employees should communicate.

D．To show the optimism of a leader.小题2:What is the most important to be a good leader?

A．A good leader learns art very well.

B．A good leader can promote employees.

C．A good leader can satisfy all his or her employees.

D．A good leader can make employees happy and willing in their work.小题3:What should a good leader do for an employee who wants to succeed at work?

A．To promote the employee to a leadership role.

B．To draw a beautiful picture of the employee’s future.

C．To encourage the employee to meet the challenges of his work.

D．To let the staff know the important role the employee plays.小题4:We can infer from the passage that_________.

A．a good leader is always good at creating comfortable working conditions

B．the support of employees is necessary for a leader to reach his goal

C．names are much easier to remember than job titles

D．the motivation of the employees all comes from the leader

Teenagers will be told to "stand up for their elders" on public transport — or risk losing their right to free travel.

London Mayor Boris Johnson will declare plans today to make youngsters sign a “courtesy pledge"  (文明宣言) to promise to behave in a respectful manner when travelling in the capital. The three-point pledge states that they will give up their seats to the elderly, pregnant and disabled; keep from using offensive or threatening language; and be courteous and polite to fellow passengers and staff.

Those who refuse, or are caught behaving in a loutish manner, will have their free travel passes removed. The plan — a key part of Mr. Johnson's re-election bid— will initially affect the 400,000 ll-to-15-year-olds in London who qualify for free travel cards, but Tory sources believe the idea could be used across the country.

A Conservative insider said: "The plan corresponds perfectly with the push to create a Big Society. It is about changing culture and expectations around behavior to improve the atmosphere on buses and trains for everyone."

Speaking before today's launch, Mr. Johnson said he was determined to deal with the anti-social behavior of a "minority of youngsters" on public transport. "When I was a boy, I was taught to stand up for those less able to, "he said. "Youngsters enjoy the privilege of free travel, which is paid for by Londoners, but they have to understand that with that privilege comes responsibility. Anyone who abuses this privilege will have it taken away, and will have to earn that right bach ."

Teenagers found guilty of a serious violation of the new behavior rules will lose their travel passes, and will have to carry out unpaid community work to earn them back.

Mr. Johnson is also introducing a "two strikes and you're out" policy to deal with repeat offenders, under which those committing a second serious violation of the rules will lose their travel rights permanently.

小题1:Which of the following is NOT the content of the "courtesy pledge"?

A．Teenagers should give up their seats to the old.

B．Teenagers shouldn't talk with strangers in public.

C．Teenagers mustn't use aggressive language in public.

D．Teenagers must be polite to people on public transport.小题2:What does the underlined word "loutish" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A．rude

B．stupid

C．polite

D．calm小题3:According to Mr Johnson,____________.

A．youngsters should know duty comes with benefit

B．youngsters shouldn't use the privilege of free travel

C．anyone shouldn't make money with the privilege

D．youngsters should do some unpaid community work小题4:The worst punishment teenagers can face is____________.

A．to sign an agreement

B．to work in the community

C．to be fined

D．to lose their travel passes forever小题5:Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A．London Mayor Boris Johnson is a great person

B．The plan corresponds perfectly with the Big Society

C．Be polite and stand up for your elders or lose free travel

D．The "courtesy pledge” has been used across the country