问题 阅读理解

Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes(基因)decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you're going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out.

But genes don't decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential(潜力). Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height.

No doubt(怀疑) you're wondering how fast you should grow. It depends. There's no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches (6 centimeters) a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty (when your body starts changing and becoming more grown up).

Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years. Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you're at now, how you've been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through.

Don't be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a growth spurt(高峰)during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later ——between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys.

You'll usually begin to notice that you're growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty.

小题1:If you want to know how fast and how tall you should grow, ____________.

A.you should have enough exercise

B.you can ask doctors for help

C.you should save the environment

D.You can record your growth during puberty小题2: This passage is mainly about ____________.

A.how the genes work in your body

B.when is the time you grow fast

C.why you look like your parents

D.how you grow to a certain height小题3: After reading this passage, we can explain ___________.

A.how good it is to be a doctor

B.how much sleep time we need

C.why genes can’t decide everything

D.what healthy diet is小题4: Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A.Your height most probably depends on how high your parents are.

B.Girls’ age for starting puberty is usually earlier than that for boys’.

C.The time showing the first changes of puberty is never noticed.

D.You may be scared sometimes when you grow too fast.

答案

小题1:B小题1:D小题1:D小题1:C

单项选择题
单项选择题

美国北卡罗来纳大学的研究人员在黄鼠身上鉴别并绘制出了启动动物冬眠的两个基因,这两个基因控制合成对于冬眠至关重要的酶。据当地媒体报道,该校马修·安德鲁博士等人在黄鼠体内找到了一种基因控制合成胰腺甘油三酯酶。这种酶能分解以脂肪酸形式储存在体内的甘油三酯,然后将之转化成作为黄鼠冬眠时能量来源的脂肪。另一种基因则控制丙酮酸盐脱氢酶、激活酶和同功酶的合成,这些在饥饿时候被激发的酶能帮助保持体内的葡萄糖储备,在冬眠开始时或即将开始前,两个基因都在黄鼠的心脏中得到了表达。研究人员还发现,这些基因与在非冬眠动物身上找到的对等基因几乎是一致的,但它们在冬眠与非冬眠动物身上的表达不一样,胰腺甘油三酯酶仅在非冬眠哺乳动物的胰腺中得到表达,却同时出现在黄鼠的胰腺和心脏中。科学家若能鉴别出哪些是在冬眠这类极端状态下负责保护器官、降低血糖消耗和保持肌肉性能的酶,将能开发出延长移植用人体器官“保质期”的新方法,还可研制出诱导宇航员在长期太空旅行过程中安全进入冬眠状态的方法。

对文中画横线的“这两个基因”解说不正确的一项是()

A.这两个基因控制合成的酶对冬眠动物的冬眠起着至关重要的作用

B.这两个基因控制合成的酶,有的能帮助冬眠动物得到所需的脂肪,有的能帮助冬眠动物储备葡萄糖

C.这两个基因仅在非冬眠动物的胰腺中得到表达,却同时存在于黄鼠的胰腺和心脏中

D.这两个基因是由北卡罗来纳大学的研究人员在黄鼠身上鉴别并绘制出来的