问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面《孟子》选段,回答问题。

  孟子曰:“人不可以无耻。无耻之耻,无耻矣。”(《尽心》上•六)

  孟子曰:“耻之于人大矣!为机变之巧者,无所用耻焉。不耻不若人,何若人有?”(《尽心》上•七)

  孟子曰“可以取,可以无取,取伤廉;可以与,可以无与,与伤惠;可以死,可以无死,死伤勇。”(《离娄》下•二三)

  (1)下列各项中,对上面选段的理解不正确的一项是

A.孟子认为羞耻之心,人皆有之。只有无耻卑鄙之徒才不知世间有羞耻二字。

B.孟子认为羞耻之心对于人至关重要!不以自己不如别人为羞耻,就赶不上别人。

C.孟子认为如果及早知耻,以羞耻为动力,化羞耻为力量,亡羊补牢,未为晚矣。

D.孟子认为行事过程中处在两难的情况下要以知耻为行事标准,否则有损于义。  (2)结合上面的选段,谈谈孟子说的“人不可以无耻”中耻的对象是什么,请简析。

  答:_________________________________________。

答案

(1)D(要以义为行事标准。)

 (2)羞耻心固然重要,但对于哪些事情引为羞耻,则更需要自我省察。孟子之所耻,不是耻“恶衣恶食”,以物质生活不如人、钱财不如人、权力不如人为耻,而是以仁义道德不如圣贤、不能成为圣贤为耻。

 (1)D(要以义为行事标准。)

(2)以上三段选文都是围绕“耻”论述的,首先要读懂原文,体会孟子关于“耻”的内容精髓,从辩证的角度概括归纳。

【参考译文】

 孟子说:“人不可以不知羞耻。从不知羞耻到知道羞耻,就可以免于羞耻了。”

 孟子说:“羞耻之心对于人至关重要!玩弄机巧诈变的人是不知羞耻的。不以自己不如别人为羞耻,怎么赶得上别人呢?”

 孟子说:“可以拿取,也可以不拿取的,拿取了有损廉洁;可以给与,也可以不给与的,给予了有损恩惠;可以死,也可以不死的,死了有损勇敢。”

阅读理解

Last month the manager of a jewelry shop (珠宝店) received a letter. As he was very busy then, the letter lay on his desk till tea-time. He opened it and a 10-pound note(票) fell out onto the desk. Within the note was a letter which said:

Dear sir:

In 1935 I got engaged(订婚). But unfortunately I lost my job. At the time a lot of people were out of work. Six months later I got a job again, but of course I was very short of money. I came to your shop to buy a wedding ring(婚戒). The assistant took out some rings for me to look at, but she was called away for a moment, and I put one of the rings in my pocket. When she came back, I said I didn’t know the size of my girl’s finger. So I left the shop without buying a ring. My wife died a short while ago and the fact that I never paid for the ring has been heavy in my heart all these years. At that time, the ring cost 2 pounds so I think it is 10 pounds at today’s price and I’m sending 10 pounds.

Yours truly,

A customer (顾客)

小题1:When did the manager open the letter?

A.In the morning

B.When he received the letter

C.At lunch time

D.Till tea-time小题2:The customer didn’t write the letter until_____.

A.he was dying

B.his wife’s death

C.he had enough money

D.he got a job again小题3:What happened in 1935?

A.The jewelry shop lost some rings.

B.The customer married a girl.

C.The customer stole a ring for his wife.

D.The customer stole a ring for his girl friend.小题4:Which of the following is Not true?

A.The customer was poor at that time.

B.The ring was bigger for his girl friend.

C.The shop assistant was careless.

D.The customer was too poor to buy a ring for his girl friend.小题5:What do you think of the customer?

A.Honest

B.Forgetful

C.Dishonest

D.Careless

单项选择题