问题 问答题 简答题

质量审核的三个核心原则是什么?

答案

参考答案:

(1)独立性。

指执行审核的机构和审核人员具有独立性,依据审核准则进行客观的评定,得出客观的结论,而不应该掺杂任何主观意愿、主观臆想的东西,更不能根据主观想象来得出结论

(2)客观性。

审核是一个形成文件的过程,包括审核计划、检查表、现场审核记录、符合报告、审核报告、首末次会议记录等

(3)系统方法。

审核包括文件审核和现场审核两个方面,在文件审核符合的情况下,才能进行现场审核。审核包括符合性、有效性和达标性三个层次。

a符合性是指质量活动及其有关结果是否符合审核准则;

b有效性是指审核准则是否被有效实施;

c达标性是指审核准则实施的结果是否达到预期目标。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     An Australian man who has been donating his extremely rare kind of blood for 56 years has saved the

lives of more than two million babies.

     James Harrison has an antibody in his plasma (血浆) that stops babies dying from Rhesus disease, a

form of severe anemia (贫血症). He has enabled countless mothers to give birth to healthy babies,

including his own daughter, Tracey, who had a healthy son thanks to her father's blood.

     Mr. Harrison has been giving blood every few weeks since he was 18 years old and has now added

up to a total of 984 donations. When he started donating, his blood was regarded so special that his life

was insured for one million Australian dollars.

     He was also nicknamed the "man with the golden arm" or the "man in two million". He said, "I've never

thought about stopping. Never." He made a promise to be a donor aged 14 after taking major chest

surgery in which he needed 13 liters of blood. "I was in hospital for three months," he said. "The blood I

received saved my life so I made a pledge to give blood when I was 18."

     Just after he started donating he was found to have the rare and life-saving antibody in his blood. At

the time, thousands of babies in Australia were dying each year of Rhesus disease. Other newborns

suffered permanent brain damage because of the condition. The disease creates an incompatibility

between the mother's blood and her unborn baby's blood. It stems from one having Rh-positive

blood and the other Rh-negative.

     His blood has since led to the development of a vaccine (疫苗) called Anti-D. After his blood type

was discovered, Mr. Harrison volunteered to have a series of tests to help develop the Anti-D vaccine.

"They insured me for a million dollars so I knew my wife Barbara would be taken care of," he said. "I

wasn't scared. I was glad to help. I had to sign every form going and basically sign my life away."

     Mr. Harrison is Rh-negative and was given injections of Rh-positive blood. It was found his plasma

could treat the condition and since then it has been given to hundreds of thousands of women. It has also

been given to babies after they are born to stop them developing the disease.

     It is estimated he has helped save 2.2 million babies so far. Mr. Harrison is still donating every few

weeks now.

1. How old is James Harrison?

A. 56  

B. 70 

C. 74  

D. 78

2. Why did James decide to donate his blood? Because           .

A. his daughter asked him to help her son

B. he has a golden arm worth a million dollars

C. a vaccine called Anti-D is to be developed

D. someone else's blood saved his life

3. The underlined sentence (in Paragraph 5) suggests that           .

A. babies suffer permanent brain damage before their birth

B. the mother and the baby have different types of blood

C. Rhesus disease contributes to permanent brain damage

D. all the patients have a rare antibody in their blood

4. What can we infer from the sixth paragraph?

A. Some of the tests to develop the vaccine are dangerous.

B. His wife Barbara needed to be taken care of badly then.

C. Mr. Harrison was glad to help develop a new vaccine.

D. His blood type was accidentally discovered after tests.