问题 阅读理解

TV Shows and Long Bus Trips

Long bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end— with ads thrown in every three or four minutes. The ads are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard appears outside the bus window.“Buy Super Clean Toothpaste.”“Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer.”“Fill up with Pacific Gas.” Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of “You Need It! Buy It Now!”

The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if you’ve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed—new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly daring, the ride can be as exciting as a suspense(悬念) story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-hand lane?After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.

The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with your hands on the arm rests—even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at the right time. There are just no more ways to sit.

小题1:According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?

A.Buses on the road.

B.Films on television.

C.Advertisements on billboards.

D.Gas stations.小题2:What is the purpose of this passage?

A.To talk about the similarities between long bus trips and TV shows.

B.To persuade you to take a long bus trip.

C.To display the differences between long bus trips and TV shows.

D.To describe the billboards along the road.小题3:The writer of this passage would probably favor      

A.bus drivers who weren’t caring.

B.driving alone.

C.a television set on the bus.

D.no billboards along the road.小题4:The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because     

A.the ads both on TV shows and on the billboards along the road are fun.

B.they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in between.

C.the drivers are always daring on TV shows just as they are on buses.

D.both traveling and watching TV are not exciting.小题5:The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are   

A.exciting.

B.comfortable.

C.tiring.

D.boring.

答案

小题1:C

小题2:A

小题3:D

小题4:B

小题5:A

小题1:C 细节理解题。第一段中介绍了乘客在坐长途车过程中所见的是广告牌。 “the commercials”是“商业广告”的意思;“billboard” 是“广告牌”的意思,即 “advertisements on the board”。

小题2:A  写作目的题。全文主要介绍作者对乘车长途旅行的感受。

小题3:D 推理判断题。 第一段作者认为“商业广告不可避免”和“只有睡觉才能躲避广告”,由此可以推断出作者不喜欢沿途的广告牌。

小题4:B  推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句和第二句“乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀,有开端、有情节、也有结尾,每隔三四分钟插播商业广告”可知。

小题5:A  细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“旅程的开始是舒适并且有些兴奋的”和第三段第二句“你知道旅程将很快结束,就会产生一种期待和兴奋”可知。

问答题 案例分析题

中国古代治理国家的准则和规范历经变化,逐渐形成中国特有的法律传统。到了近代,受西方的冲击和影响,近代法律制度逐渐在中国形成。阅读材料

材料一:

夏、商、西周时期,形成了以“礼”治国的制度体系。“礼”实际上是一种等级制的生活和行为方式,专为贵族所有,即所谓“礼不下庶人”。到了春秋战国,出现了“礼崩乐坏”的局面,以法治国的学说和法治逐渐兴起。——何怀宏《世袭社会》

材料二:

民本、法也。……故善治者,刑不善,而不赏善,故不刑而民善。不刑而民善,刑重也。民不敢犯,故无刑也。而民莫敢为非。是一国皆善也……——《商君书·画策第十八》

材料三:

唐太宗发现有一人诈伪做官,便下令处死。但负责审理此案的官员戴胄说:“法者,国家所以布大信于天下;言者,当时喜怒之所发耳,陛下发一朝之忿而许杀之,既知不可置之于法,此乃忍小忿而存大信也。”唐太守被迫收回成命,对他说:“法有所失,公能正之,联何忧也!”——《贞观政要》

材料四:

所谓“旨从内降”,就是犯罪案件,在三法司拟罪之前,已由锦衣卫拟罪请旨,或直接由君王授意如何拟罪。那么三法司的审判就是走形式而已,这样的话生杀予夺在予一人。——朱永嘉《锦衣卫与东厂、西厂、内行厂》

材料五:

在清末新政全面发展的过程中,法制改革也被挺上议事日程。1902年3月,清廷发布了修订法律的谕旨:“中国律例自汉唐以来,代有增改。……惟是为治之道,尤贵因时制宜,今昔情势不同,非参酌适中,不能推行尽善。近来地利日兴,商务日广,如矿律、路律、商律等类,皆应妥议专夸。”——张海鹏等《中国近代通史》第五卷

材料三和材料四反映哪两种权威的冲突?冲突的结果有何不同?这种结果的变化说明什么?