问题 选择题

日本的主要地形是(    )

A.山地、丘陵

B.高原、盆地

C.平原、丘陵

D.高原、平原

答案

答案:A

题目分析:日本是位于太平洋西北部的岛国,山地和丘陵占总面积的71%,富士山是日本的最高峰,海拔3776米。日本的平原主要分布在河流的下游近海一带,多为冲积平原,规模较小。所以本题选择A选项。

点评:日本是太平洋西北部的岛国,由北海道、本州、四国、九州4个大岛、数千个小岛及附近的海域组成。日本的富士山,山顶常年积雪,洁白晶莹;山麓樱树成林,景色迷人,是日本著名的旅游胜地。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

石蚕

  我往我的玻璃池塘里放进一些小小的水生动物,它们叫石蚕。确切地说,它们是石蚕蛾的幼虫,平时很巧妙地隐藏在一个个枯枝做的小鞘中。

  石蚕原本是生长在泥潭沼泽中的芦苇丛里的。在许多时候,它依附在芦苇的断枝上,随芦苇在水中漂泊。那小鞘就是它的活动房子,也可以说是它旅行时随身带的简易房子。

  这活动房子其实可以算得上是一个很精巧的编织艺术品,它的材料是由那种被水浸透后剥蚀、脱落下来的植物的根皮组成的。在筑巢的时候,石蚕用牙齿把这种根皮撕成粗细适宜的纤维,然后把这些纤维巧妙地编成一个大小适中的小鞘,使它的身体能够恰好藏在里面。有时候它也会利用极小的贝壳七拼八凑地拼成一个小鞘,就好像一件小小的百衲衣;有时候,它也用米粒堆积起来,布置成一个象牙塔似的窝,这算是它最华丽的住宅了。

  石蚕的小鞘不但是它的寓所,同时还是它的防御工具。我曾在我的玻璃池塘里看到一幕有趣的战争,鲜明地证实了那个其貌不扬的小鞘的作用。

  玻璃池塘的水中原本潜伏着一打水甲虫,它们游泳的姿态激起了我极大的兴趣。有一天,我无意中撒下两把石蚕,正好被潜在石块旁的水甲虫看见了,它们立刻游到水面上,迅速地抓住了石蚕的小鞘,里面的石蚕感觉到此次攻击来势凶猛,不易抵抗,就想出了金蝉脱壳的妙计,不慌不忙地从小鞘里馏出来,一眨眼间就逃得无影无踪了。野蛮的水甲虫还在继续凶狠地撕扯着小鞘,直到知道早已失去了想要的食物,受了石蚕的骗,这才显出懊恼沮丧的神情,无限留恋又无可奈何地把空鞘丢下,去别处觅食了。

  可怜的水甲虫啊!它们永远也不会知道聪明的石蚕早已逃到石底下,重新建造它的新鞘,并将靠着它们在水中任意的遨游了。(选自法布尔《昆虫记》,有改动)

1.本文介绍的是石蚕,为什么又要写水甲虫?

答:______________________________________________________________

2.科普文的语言除准确严谨外,还具有不同于一般说明文的语言特色。请结合文章任选两种表现手法,简要分析。

答:______________________________________________________________

3.结合文章,谈谈石蚕的生存方式对你有哪些启示?

答:______________________________________________________________

阅读理解

The months and years went by. I had been Joe’s apprentice for four years.

One evening, Joe and I were sitting in the village inn. A stranger came in, a big, tall man, with heavy eyebrows. The man had large, very clean white hands. To my surprise, I recognized the man. I had seen him at Miss Havisham’s many years before. He had frightened me then. He frightened me a little now.

‘I think there is a blacksmith here----name of Joe Gargery,’ the man said in his loud voice.

‘That’s me!’ Joe answered. He stood up.

‘You have an apprentice, known as Pip,’ the stranger went on. ‘Where is he? ’

‘Here!’ I cried, standing beside Joe.

‘I wish to speak to you both. I wish to speak to you privately, not here,’ the man said. ‘Perhaps I could go home with you.’

We walked back to the workshop in silence. When we were in the sitting room, the man began to speak.

‘My name is Jaggers,’ he said. ‘I am a lawyer in London, where I am well-known. I have some unusual business with young Pip here. I am speaking for someone else, you understand. A client who doesn’t want to be named. Is that clear?’

Joe and I nodded.

‘I have come to take your apprentice to London,’ the lawyer said to Joe. ‘You won’t stop him from coming I hope?’

‘Stop him? Never! ’ Joe cried.

‘Listen, then. I have this message for Pip. He has ---- great expectations!’

Joe and I looked at each other, too surprised to speak.

‘Yes, great expectations’ Mr. Jaggers repeated. ‘Pip will one day be rich, very rich. Pip is to change his way of life at once. He will no longer be a blacksmith. He is to come with me to London. He is to be educated as a gentleman. He will be a man of property.’

And so, at last, my dream had come true. Miss Havisham----because Mr. Jaggers’ client must be Miss Havisham----had plans for me after all. I would be rich and Estella would love me!

Mr. Jaggers was speaking again. ‘There are two conditions,’ he said, looking at me. ‘First, you will always be known as Pip. Secondly,’ Mr. Jaggers continued, ‘the name of your benefactor is to be kept secret. One day, that person will speak to you, face to face. Until then, you must not ask any questions. You must never try to find out this person’s name. Do you understand? Speak out!’

‘Yes, I understand,’ I answered. ‘My benefactor’s name is to remain a secret.’

‘Good,’ Mr. Jaggers said. ‘Now, Pip, you will come into your property when you come of age----when you are twenty-one. Until then, I am your guardian. I have money to pay for your education and to allow you to live as a gentleman. You will have a private teacher. His name is Mr. Matthew Pocket and you will stay at his house.’

I gave a cry of surprise. Some of Miss Havisham’s relations were called Pocket. Mr. Jaggers raised his eyebrows.

‘Do you not want to live with Mr. Pocket? Have you any objection to this arrangement?’ he said severely.

‘No, no, none at all,’ I answered quickly.

‘Good. Then I will arrange everything,’ Mr. Jaggers went on. ‘Mr. Pocket’s son has rooms in London. I suggest you go there. Now when can you come to London?’

I looked at Joe.

‘At once, if Joe has no objection,’ I said.

‘No objection, Pip old chap,’ Joe answered.

‘Then you will come in one week’s time,’ Mr. Jaggers said, standing up. ‘You will need new clothes. Here is some money to pay for them. Twenty guineas.’

He counted the money and put it on the table.

‘Well, Joe Gargery, you are saying nothing,’ Mr. Jaggers said to Joe firmly. ‘I have money to give to you too.’

小题1:The underlined word “apprentice” in paragraph 1 means ____________.

A.a very good friend and companion

B.someone who has no money but is very skilled at their job

C.a young person who is being trained for a particular job

D.a person with no education living with another family小题2:The author describes Mr. Jaggers as having ‘large, very clean white hands’ in order to ____________.

A.show how Pip recalls Mr Jaggers

B.provide a description of Mr. Jaggers to the readers only

C.indicate that Mr. Jaggers remains indoors a lot and doesn’t get much sun

D.show Mr Jaggers often washes his hands to rid himself of his own bad deeds as a lawyer小题3:At the end of the passage above, Mr. Jaggers says he also has money to give Joe because ____________.

A.he believes he can also help Joe become a gentleman

B.he is repaying money loaned to Joe previously by the benefactor

C.the secret benefactor wants Joe to be his personal blacksmith

D.Joe will have to hire a new worker小题4:Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

A.Joe is happy that Pip will go to London.

B.Mr. Jaggers does not want other people to know he is a lawyer.

C.Pip hopes Miss Havisham will help him become a gentleman

D.Pip will become very rich when he comes of age.