问题 论述题

(26分)阅读下列材料,结合所学知识回答问题。

身先士卒,利居众后,责在人先,是志士仁人薪火相传的思想标杆,是华夏子孙生生不息的精神动力。今天,从汶川到玉树,从北京奥运会到上海世博会、广州亚运会等重大事件甚至于社区服务中,都能看到志愿者的身影。他们“真情献社会、服务暖人心”,在不断付出中也体验了快乐、增长了知识、锻炼了能力、获得了赞赏,成为社会文明风尚的一道亮丽风景线。

(1)结合上述材料,运用价值观和人生观的有关知识,谈谈你对新时期志愿者行为的认识。(14分)

(2)有人认为:“培育文明风尚应立足于弘扬传统美德,重在志愿者行动。”请你运用《文化生活》中的有关知识对这一观点加以评析。(12分)

答案

(1)①价值观是人生的重要向导。志愿者为他人付出真情、担当责任体现了正确价值观对人们的行为具有重要的驱动和导向作用。(3 分)

②价值判断和价值选择具有社会历史性。新时期志愿者的行为体现了培育文明风尚、构建和谐社会的时代新特征。(3 分)

③人生价值是个人价值和社会价值的统一。志愿者既服务了社会,又体验了快乐、增长了知识、锻炼的能力、获得了赞赏,在个人与社会的统一中实现了人生价值。(4 分)

④人的价值在于创造价值,在于对社会的责任和贡献。我们要学习志愿者行为,积极投身于为人民服务的实践,为和谐社会的构建做出积极的贡献。(4 分)

(2)①传统美德是中华优秀文化的重要组成部分,是我们培育文明风尚的宝贵资源。(4分)

②培育文明风尚应立足于发展中国特色社会主义的实践,继承和汲取传统文化和外来文化的精华,建设和践行社会主义核心价值体系,用社会主义荣辱观引领风尚。(4 分)

③培育文明风尚是亿万人民群众参加文化建设的伟大实践。志愿者行动只是群众性精神文明创建活动的重要组成部分。投身培育文明风尚的伟大实践,是每个公民应有的责任,是当代中国青年成长、成才的必然选择。(4 分)

单项选择题 共用题干题
单项选择题

For many years it was common in the United States to associate Chinese Americans with restaurants and laundries. People did not realize that the Chinese had been driven into these occupations by the prejudice and discrimination that faced them in this country.
The first Chinese to reach the United States came during the California Gold Rush of 1849. Like most of the other people there, they had come to search for gold. However, either because the Chinese were so different from the others or because they worked so patiently that they sometimes succeeded in turning a seemingly worthless mining claim into a profitable one, they became their scapegoats of their envious competitors. Often they were prevented from making their claims; some localities even passed regulations forbidding them to own claims. The Chinese therefore started to seek out other ways of learning a living. Some of them began to do the laundry for the white miners; others set up small restaurants.
In the early 1860’s many more Chinese arrived in California. This time the men were imported as work crews to construct the first transcontinental railroad. They were needed because the work was so dangerous, and it was carried on in such a remote part of the country that the railroad company could not find other laborers for the job. As in the case of their predecessors, these Chinese were almost all males and like them too, they encountered a great deal of prejudice.
When times were hard, they were blamed for working for lower wages and taking jobs away from white men, who were in many cases recent immigrants themselves. Anti-Chinese riots broke out in several cities.
Most of today’s Chinese Americans are the descendants of some of the early miners and railroad workers. Those immigrants had come from the vicinity of Canton in southeast China, where they had been uneducated farm laborers. The same kind of young men, from the same area and from similar humble origins, migrated to Hawaii in those days. There they fared far better, mainly because they did not encounter hostility. Some married native Hawaiians, and others brought their wives and children over. They were not restricted to Chinatowns, and many of them soon became successful merchants and active participants in general community affairs.
The high regard for education which is deeply imbedded in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work hard to gain advancement, are other noteworthy characteristics of theirs. This explains why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers and other professionals.

The Chinese immigrants in Hawaii ______.

A.faced worse conditions than other states

B.got on much better than those in other states

C.encountered the same hostility

D.were restricted to Chinatowns