问题 填空题

元素在周期表中的位置,反映了元素的原子结构和元素的性质.右图是元素周期表的一部分.

(1)阴影部分元素N的最高价氧化物为______.根据元素周期律,请你预测:H3AsO4、H3PO4的酸性强弱:H3AsO4______H3PO4.(用“>”、“<”或“=”表示)

(2)元素S的最高正价和最低负价分别为______、______,

(3)在一定条件下,S与H2反应有一定限度(可理解为反应进行的程度),请判断在相同条件下Se与H2反应的限度______(选填“更大”、“更小”或“相同”).

(4)羰基硫(COS)分子结构与二氧化碳分子结构相似,所有原子的最外层都满足8电子结构.请写出羰基硫分子的电子式______

(5)单质砷和热的浓H2SO4反应,生成As2O3,反应的化学方程式为______.

答案

(1)阴影部分元素的最外层电子数为5,最外层电子数=族序数=元素的最高正价,所以是第二周期第ⅤA族的N元素,N的最高价氧化物为N2O5,同周期元素,从左到右最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性逐渐增强,同主族从上到下最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性逐渐减弱,所以酸性H3PO4>H3AsO4,故答案为:N2O5;<;

(2)硫元素的最高正价=最外层电子数=+6,最低负价=最外层电子数-8=-2,故答案为::+6;-2;

(3)S和Se是同主族元素,同主族元素性质具有相似性和递变性,按照O、S、Se的顺序单质和氢气反应的限度逐渐减小,故答案为:更小;

(4)羰基硫(COS)分子结构与二氧化碳分子结构相似,二氧化碳中碳原子和氧原子间是双键,为直线型的结构,所以羰基硫分子的电子式为:

故答案为:

(5)浓硫酸有强氧化性,还原产物是二氧化硫,所以单质砷和热的浓H2SO4反应的方程式为:2As+3H2SO4(浓)

  △  
.
 
As2O3+3SO2↑+3H2O,

故答案为:2As+3H2SO4(浓)

  △  
.
 
As2O3+3SO2↑+3H2O.

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Bush’s MBA


Twenty-six of 42 presidents, including Bill Clinton, were lawyers. Seven were generals. George W. Bush becomes the first with an MBA.
Those who have had Bush for a boss since the mid-1980s—in the (1) of oil, baseball and Texas state government—describe his management (2) as straight from the pages of the organizational-behavior (3) he studied while getting his masters of business administration (4) at Harvard University in 1975.
He manages by what is known (5) "walking around," having learned that sitting behind a desk and passing out memos does (6) to energize anyone.
He has a reputation for fueling "creative tension" (7) his subordinates, encouraging them to take and defend opposing (8) . That sacrifices harmony, but puts ideas to the test and lets Bush (9) above the fray, where he can offer guidance instead of barking (10) . Imagine the creative tension that may erupt (11) the likes of Secretary of State-designate Colin Powell and Defense Secretary— (12) Donald Rumsfeld.
Above all, former employees say that he is a master at delegating (13) installing measures of accountability—ways of knowing (14) subordinates are getting the job done without looking (15) any shoulders. That frees Bush for strategic thinking—perhaps (16) two words hammered into MBA students most—which means thinking (17) to seize opportunities and to derail threats to the best of plans.
"George was my (18) ," says Tom Schieffer, who served as president of the Texas Rangers under Bush (19) 1991 and 1995. "But he never made me feel that way. He went out of his way to treat me as a (20) , not a subordinate."
That’s one trait that might be of concern, says Michael Useem, director of the Wharton Center for Leadership and Change at the University of Pennsylvania. It’s important for subordinates to feel part of the team, but not just because the boss craves popularity. Just as in the military, it must be understood who is in charge when the final order is given.