问题 问答题

(1)一般情况下,氯气(Cl2)与金属化合时生成高价金属氯化物,而硫与金属化合时则一般生成低价金属硫化物.请写出铜在硫蒸气中燃烧反应的化学方程式:______.

(2)化学上把同种元素组成的不同单质互称为同素导形体,例如白磷和红磷,请写出互为同素异形体的一组物质______.

(3)下列关于Na、Na+两种粒子的判断,①核电荷数相同  ②核外电子数相等  ③电子层结构完全相同 ④质量几乎相等  ⑤质子数相等  ⑥Na+比Na稳定.其中正确的是______.

答案

(1)硫与金属化合时则一般生成低价金属硫化物,铜在硫蒸气中反应生成硫化亚铜,反应的化学方程式为;2Cu+S

 点燃 
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Cu2S.

(2)根据题意,把同种元素组成的不同单质互称为同素导形体,金刚石和石墨是碳元素组成的不同单质,互为同素异形体.

(3)Na失去最外层的一个电子变为Na+,最外层电子数、电子层、核外电子数均发生改变,由于核电荷数=质子数,两者均不变;由于原子的质量主要集中在原子核上,故失去一个电子对质量影响很小,质量几乎相等;Na+具有8个电子的稳定结构,故比Na稳定,故①④⑤⑥正确.

故答案为:(1)2Cu+S

 点燃 
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Cu2S;(2)金刚石和石墨;(3)①④⑤⑥.

阅读理解

It is December 25th, 2050. The people in the city are all celebrating Christmas. I’m the mayor of our city. My citizens* and I are holding a big party under the sea, though you wouldn’t believe it. But please do not feel excited, you should feel sad because we have to live under the sea. Because of the pollution, the earth has been completely destroyed, from top to bottom. The atmosphere* has no oxygen* and moisture*. As a result, the plants are burned by the strong sunlight with a great number of harmful rays. Of course, none of them are still alive. Not only no green, but also the temperature reaches about 121℃ all day even in winter because there is too much CO2 circling the earth.

On the land, there is no life. Luckily, the sea is not destroyed by human. So, we have to move into the sea. At the bottom of the water, people have built many new cities. There is a lot of advanced* equipment* in each city. Computers are used to control all the machines, even the people’s life. We can also make the seawater into fresh water. There are two machines making oxygen. If they stop working for only one minute, more than 10 million people will die.

The population of our city is over 30 million and, of course, it is quite crowded. We have lots of high buildings and bridges. The roads are wide, too. Our cars are miniature* UFOs, don’t be surprised, it is true. At the bottom of the sea you can’t see anything, because there is no light all day. However, we have advanced lighting equipment so that we can see the “sun” under the sea. Of course, the advanced lighting equipment is very expensive. And if it doesn’t work, we can see nothing under the sea. What should we do then?

小题1:Where are they holding a big Christmas party?

A.On the land

B.Under the sea

C.In high buildings

D.On the road小题2:What controls people’s life under the sea?

A.Machines

B.Computers

C.Advanced equipment

D.Human beings小题3:Why do people have to live under the sea in 2050 according to the passage?

A.It is interesting to build cities and live under the sea.

B.We have advanced lighting equipment so that we can see the “sun” under the sea.

C.There is no oxygen and moisture around the earth as it is destroyed.

D.We can make oxygen under the sea with the high technology.小题4:What can we learn from this article ?

A.The plants are burned by the strong sunlight with a great number of useful rays.

B.There will be no lives in the world in 2050.

C.People prefer to live under the sea in 2050.

D.We should protect our environment instead of destroying it.小题5:What might the best title for this passage be                 .

A.A Christmas In The Future

B.A City Under The Sea

C.The Underwater Life

D.The Future Life Under The Water

单项选择题