问题 阅读理解

Although similar in appearance to hyenas(土狼), African wild dogs are nevertheless true wild canine(犬). They are a mixture of black, yellow, and white in such a wide variety of patterns that no two individuals look exactly alike. African wild dogs are widely distributed across the African plains but they do not live in jungle areas.

They are social animals, living in groups of usually from 2 to 45 individuals. A hierarchy(统团) exists within the group,  but the animals are friendly to one another. The young and the infirm(体弱的) are given special privileges within the group.

African wild dogs use their sense of sight, not smell, to find their prey. They can run up to 55 km/h for several kilometers. In eastern Africa, they mostly hunt Thomson's gazelles, but they will also attack calves, warthogs, zebras, impalas, and the young of large antelopes such as the gnu.

Growing human populations have decreased or degraded the African wild dog's habitat and also diminished their available prey. Road kill and human persecution(迫害) have also had a negative impact on African wild dog populations. This species is also susceptible to a variety of diseases such as distemper, which is controlled in domestic .dogs. Conservation of the African wild dog's natural habitat must have the highest priority, as these dogs suffer in habitats modified by human intrusion(干扰).

小题1:What does the underlined word "susceptible" mean?

A.easily affected or suffered

B.badly doubtful

C.seriously harmful

D.highly dangerous小题2:What factors affect the population of the wild dogs?

a. the distribution of the dogs                  b. social living

c. highly increasing human populations          d. human's killing the dogs

e. many diseases                           f. the changes of their habitats

g. domestic dogs                            h. food reduction

A.a. b, c, d, e

B.b, c, d, e, f

C.c, d, e, f, h

D.d, e, f, g, h小题3:From the passage we can conclude that_______.

A.African wild dogs are completely different from domestic dogs in size, weight

B.African wild dogs are living in groups

C.African wild dogs use their eyes mostly when sleeping to guard

D.African wild dogs use their noses to find their food in most cases小题4:What can we know about African wild dogs?

A.In a pack there may be about 90 wild dogs and no leader.

B.There are no such wild dogs that are different.

C.African wild dogs can run at a speed of about 15 m/s for a long distance.

D.All African wild dogs kill zebras, impalas, and antelopes as their food.小题5: What can we infer from the passage?

A.African wild dogs are not in danger, because there are such a wide variety of patterns.

B.African wild dogs are not in danger, because are widely distributed across the African plains.

C.African wild dogs are in danger, because human's activities have a great effect on them.

D.African wild dogs are in danger, because their habitats have been changed much.

答案

小题1:A

小题2:C

小题3:B

小题4:C

小题5:D

题目分析:文章介绍非洲野狗的生活习性,和现在非洲野狗的数量不断减少的原因。

小题1:猜词题:从文章最后一段的句子:This species is also susceptible to a variety of diseases such as distemper,可知这个物种也容易手各种各样疾病的感染,"susceptible" 是很容易受影响/得病的意思,选A

小题2:细节题:从文章最后一段的句子:可知影响野狗的数量的是:人类数量的增加,人类的杀戮,很多疾病,居住地的改变,食物的减少,选C。

小题3:推理题:从文章第二段的句子:They are social animals, living in groups of usually from 2 to 45 individuals.可知非洲的狗是群居的,选B

小题4:细节题:从文章第三段的句子:They can run up to 55 km/h for several kilometers.可知非洲的狗可以以每小时15英里的速度跑很长时间。选C

小题5:推理题:从文章的句子:可以推断出非洲的野狗处于危险之中,因为它们的栖息地已经发生了很大的变化。选D。

单项选择题 A2型题
单项选择题

中国历史传统富于传说性质的特点,使各种名列“正史”的著作也不能免俗.以居于“二十四史”之首的《史记》为例,它就广采博纳了许多传说,并对其中的某些内容作了增删,叙述上更富于文学气;比如,秦始皇巡幸江东时,项羽夹在人群中观看,傲然评论道:“彼可取而代也”,英豪之气溢于言表.陈胜贫困时,对同伴说:“苟富贵,毋相忘.”气概相差一筹,只念念于个人能否翻身转运.而刘邦在咸阳看见秦宫殿的壮丽时竟失声大叫:“大丈夫生世,当如是也!”一脸的贪婪与鄙俗,气质更低下了.关于项羽、陈胜、刘邦这三位著名反秦领袖在失意时各言其志的这些传闻,前人往往视为司马迁的文学笔法,把它解作一种人物性格的对比描写.其实差矣,司马迁在这里肯定依据了民间传说的某些材料,否则哪能描写得这样栩栩如生.《史记》中那些呼之欲出的人物形象,并不是史学家司马迁一手“创作"的.离开民间传说的哺育,个人的想象是达不到如此多样化的地步的.司马迁曾以“网罗天下放失旧闻"作为自己治史活动的座右铭.他公开宣布,自己非常重视参考、吸收民间传说.再如《鸿门宴》这样的场景,当事人早已死尽,又无官方的详细记载予以披露,司马迁的想象力再丰富,也不可能活现出如此生动的个性冲突的戏剧性场面.其中“项庄舞剑”一段,与后代民间说书的风格十分接近,与其说是后来的民间说书人受了《史记》这部巨著的影响,还不如说二者同受汉代及以后的民间传说形式的影响.司马迁的这种态度,对以后史学界有直接影响.“二十四史”不同程度地吸收了民间传说,以至于有志者完全可以从中勾勒出一部“中国正史中的民间历史传说大系”.当然,这还不包括那些为数更多的稗史、遗闻、野语、历史演义和历史剧里的历史传说.如果把二者加在一起,总量将在被目为“宝库"的希腊神话传说和印度故事之上.中国3000年以上文字记载的历史,产生了庞大的文献记录.从春秋时代,中国历史著作就一直没有断绝过,形成了传统.从汉朝始,每代统治者都要动用大量的人力进行官方的修史活动.民间的历史著述也很繁多.即使在社会动荡、文明解体的南北朝时代,这一传统也未从根本动摇.其结果是形成了一个无论从数量上看,还是从时间跨度上看,都十分惊人的历史记录体系.

第二段引述了“项庄舞剑”的史实,下列有关认识不正确的一项是_____.

A.“项庄舞剑”中富有戏剧性的、生动的描写反映出民间说书艺人对《史记》的影响

B.“项庄舞剑”这个片断描写生动,极具戏剧冲突,这也是后代民间说书艺人说书的特点

C.司马迁对“项庄舞剑"的描写明显受到了民间传说的影响

D.后代民间说书的风格与《史记》中的一些描写相似,并不能说明后代的民问说书人受到了《史记》的影响,而是二者都受到民间传说的影响而导致相似的