问题 计算题

将128 g铜置入一定量的浓硝酸中,并微热,随着铜的不断减少,反应生成的气体颜色逐渐变浅,当铜反应完毕时(铜片完全消失),共收集到NO2和NO的混合气体44.8 L气体(标准状况),求:

(1)写出上述过程中,有关反应的化学方程式___________、_________________。

(2)完成该反应至少需要量取10 mol/L的浓硝酸_________mL。

(3)混合气体中NO2的体积为            、NO的体积为          。

答案

(1)Cu + 4HNO3(浓) = Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2↑+ 2H2

3Cu + 8HNO3(稀) = 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO↑+ 4H2O

(2)600 mL

(3)V(NO2)= 22.4L   V(NO)=" 22.4L"

题目分析:(1) Cu + 4HNO3(浓) = Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2↑+ 2H2

3Cu + 8HNO3(稀) = 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO↑+ 4H2O

注意方程式的配平,气体箭头符号。

(2)2Cu+6HNO3=2Cu(NO3)2+NO2↑+NO↑+3H2O

根据化学方程式,128 g铜即2molCu,可算出需要10 mol/L的浓硝酸:

(3) NO2和NO的混合气体44.8 L(标准状况),,即,即

而128g铜失去电子:,则 ②,由①②可解出,即,

点评:本题综合性较强,考查了铜与浓硝酸、稀硝酸反应的知识点,历年高考常考,计算时应抓住得失电子守恒,化繁为简。

完形填空
完形填空。
     People often go to the seaside for their holidays. And the towns by the sea are always trying to     1    
more visitors in their own way.
     In one seaside holiday __2 _  in the south of England, plans were made for a band to play     3     in a
public park every evening for a week. But it rained     4     on the first evening.     5     the band played
well, there was only one person in the auditorium. The band was     6     some cover, but the audience
was not.
     The man was sitting in a chair, _  7    . a raincoat.  After an hour, the conductor of the band went over
to the man and     8     if he had a special request (要求).
     "Yes, I do," said the man. "Please finish as soon as you     9    . I'm the keeper of the park and I want
to    10    the gate and go home. "
( )1. A. protect  
( )2. A. city    
( )3. A. indoors  
( )4. A. hardly  
( )5. A. Although
( )6. A. under    
( )7. A. carrying  
( )8. A. said    
( )9. A. can      
( )10. A. open    

B. encourage
B. town      
B. outdoors  
B. quietly  
B. Because  
B. over      
B. holding
B. begged    
B. must      
B. lock      

C. attack    
C. village    
C. downstairs
C. heavily    
C. As        
C. beside    
C. offering
C. asked      
C. may        
C. except    

D. attract  
D. country  
D. upstairs
D. directly
D. Unless  
D. behind  
D. wearing  
D. told    
D. need    
D. break    
单项选择题