问题 阅读理解

There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters(匪徒)in return for “protection”. If the money was not paid immediately, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Getting “protection money” is not a modern means. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.

Then Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a group of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to those who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.  In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money with this method. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero .When he died at eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had his picture painted, which was in memory of “this bravest man”.

小题1:What protection did Chicago gangsters give to those who paid them?

A.They saved those people’s businesses from destruction.

B.They left those people’s business unharmed much.

C.They sent soldiers to serve them no matter what help they needed willingly.

D.They didn’t take those people’s lives小题2:Sir John Hawkwook's Italian name “Giovanni Acuto” was one which         .

A.he gave himself in order to become better known to the Italians

B.he earned through his sharp practice of selling his ‘protection’

C.he needed so as to hire his soldiers to Italians

D.was given him in telling his services to the others’小题3:The Italians regarded Hawkwood as a sort of hero          .

A.because they couldn’t help admiring his bravery and boldness(胆大)

B.as he aided the citizens in peacetime when business was bad for them

C.he had played an important role in their daily life

D.for he lived so long and was given a state funeral by the Florentines小题4:From the passage, we can guess the gangsters were those         .

A.who were of great importance to the poor

B.who made the businessmen do whatever they were in need of

C.who were always ready to be sent abroad

D.who did harm to others小题5:According to the writer, Hawkwood was           .

A.a sort of national hero

B.an experienced leader

C.a brave soldier

D.a noble gangster

答案

小题1:A

小题2:B 

小题3:A

小题4:D

小题5:D

题目分析:曾经一度在芝加哥的商人要付给匪徒“保护费”,如果不付给“保护费”的话,他们会立即打砸店铺,这种强行收取“保护费”的事情其实早在14世纪就已经存在了,而且在意大利人们甚至对大匪徒Giovanni Acuto特别的敬佩,在他死的时候竟然为他举行了国葬。

小题1:A。推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知芝加哥的商人要付个匪徒“保护费”,如果不立即付给“保护费”的话,他们会立即打砸店铺,由此推断他们所谓的保护就是不给店铺搞破坏,故答案选A。

小题2:B。细节理解题。从文章第二段的讲述可知John Hawkwook'靠他强硬的举动而使他的意大利名字在全国闻名,故答案选B。

小题3:A。推理判断题。根据文章末段对他的评价which was in memory of “this bravest man”可知人们把他视为英雄是因为他的勇敢,勇气,故答案选A。

小题4:D。细节理解题。从文章第一段对gangstes行为的描述:如果不交保护费则对店铺进行打砸抢,由此推断他们是一些危害社会的人们,故答案选D。

小题5:D。推理判断题。文章第一段提到匪徒收保护费的行为,然后以Hawkwood,为例来说明收保护费的行为自古就有,由此判断Hawkwood是一个著名的匪徒,答案选D。

选择题
问答题 案例分析题

材料一1865年,中亚浩罕国阿古柏在英、俄支持下入侵新疆,并建立 * * 悍然称王。残酷压迫各族人民,掠夺财富。……1876年左宗棠抬棺西征以示决心,并进行了充分的准备,根据实际制订了“先北后南”,“缓进速战”的战略战术,并指示各军:“回部为安酋驱迫,厌战久矣。大军所至,勿淫掠,勿残杀。王者之师如时雨,此其时也。”清军所到之处,当地人民“望风投命”,“……携酒酪,献牛羊,络绎道左”。……1878年1月清军收回除伊犁外新疆领土。——摘编自《中华百年祭·军事卷》材料二针对“泰西各国,火轮兵船直达天津,藩篱竟成虚设,星驰飚举,无足当之”的严重被动局面,1864年,左宗棠在闽浙总督任上,积极筹备自造轮船。1866年,设立马尾船政局,以便“师其长以制之。”正式建立近代中国第一个大型的新式造船厂。但因分辨不清兵船和商船的区别,以为轮船平时可供运漕,战时则可供战阵,所以船政局所造轮船系半兵半商式样,企图兼顾兵商“两用”,结果是“运货不逮商船之多,战阵不若兵船之劲,是欲求两便而适以两误也。”出任陕甘总督后,对洋务运动仍然抓得很紧。1871年,在兰州建立甘肃制造局,自造枪炮等新式武器,1880年,他又创设兰州机器织呢局,他还鉴于西北地区旱灾频仍,水利不修的严重情况,多次托人在上海购置西洋开河、凿井等新式机器,运到甘肃,以发展甘肃的农田水利事业。——摘编自《左宗棠与洋务运动》

根据材料一并结合所学知识,分析左宗棠收复新疆的原因。