问题 解答题

“谁言寸草心,报得三春晖”,感动中国年度人物田世国,为救患尿毒症的母亲捐出了自己的一个肾脏,使病危的母亲重获新生.

(1)在肾脏中,尿的形成包括______的滤过和肾小管的重吸收两个生理过程.

(2)从免疫的角度看,其母亲身体会对植入的肾出现识别和排斥现象,这种免疫属于______.(选填“特异性免疫”或“非特异性免疫”)

答案

(1)肾单位是肾脏结构和功能的基本单位,由肾小管和肾小体组成,肾小体由肾小球和肾小囊组成.尿的形成要经过肾小球的滤过和肾小管的重吸收和分泌作用.

(2)刺激人体产生抗体的物质叫抗原,题中田世国捐给母亲的肾脏对其母亲身体而言,属于外来器官,能够刺激她自身产生抗体因而属于抗原.这种免疫属于特异性免疫.

故答案为:(1)肾小球;(2)特异性免疫

完形填空

第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Olive, from County Westmeath, Ireland, arrived in England to live with her daughter and son-in-law Thomas. She was   36   because of her poor health and   37   with her most of her treasured   38   . These included a small piece of tissue paper in which she had   39   what appeared to be five teeth which had   40   her dentures (假牙).

Having   41   in, she asked Thomas, "Do you know where I can get my dentures   42   ?" "Of course," replied Thomas.   43   you give them to me, I'll take them to a dental   44   . "

Olive handed over the rather tired piece of paper which   45   some rather dirty-looking   46   . Thomas drove to the dental laboratory.

"   47   will it take?" Thomas asked the technician.

"Oh, about an hour," smiled the dental expert.

"Then I'll wait in the   48   ," said Thomas, "and read my newspaper. "'

An hour passed and the technician   49   at the car window   50  a plastic bag and the piece of paper. "That'll be £80," requested the specialist, "   51   I could only fit four of the teeth to the dentures. I'm sorry. "

"That's a   52   ," commented Thomas. "What happened to the__  53   one?"

"I have it here in the paper," answered the technician,   54   it to Thomas.

"The thing is," he said, "it's easy to fit the teeth but   55   to fit this peanut (花生米)."

36. A. moving       B. going           C. passing      D. returning

37. A. sold        B. provided       C. brought     D. dealt

38. A. clothes           B. possessions       C. furniture    D. materials

39. A. discovered   B. secreted        C. thrown      D. buried

40. A. broken out B. broken in      C. broken away     D. broken off

41. A. settled       B. filled         C. joined       D. fallen

42. A. cut         B. dropped        C. mended     D. placed

43. A. Because      B. If              C. Therefore D. However

44. A. speaker       B. customer      C. patient       D. technician

45. A. needed           B. found           C. touched     D. contained

46. A. teeth       B. jewels          C. peanuts      D. coins

47. A. How often   B. How soon     C. How long D. How much

48. A. building      B. office               C. house        D. car

49. A. appeared     B. broke               C. laughed     D. glared

50. A. putting        B. holding        C. keeping     D. hiding

51. A. and         B. but            C. also       D. nor

52. A. fact        B. pleasure        C. pity       D. thing

53. A. fifth        B. first           C. third     D. second

54. A. proving       B. advising       C. permitting        D. showing

55. A. necessary    B. unimportant      C. impossible D. possible

问答题