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问题 阅读理解

Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard，they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help  the couple to maintain their health and emotional well­being­­and it’s no surprise to health care professionals.

“Rest，relaxation，and  stress  reduction are very  important for people’s well­being and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities，such as exercise and meditation，but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing，so a rested，relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.

Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer，a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation，even if it is a 24­hour time­out.” The trips could be good for their health，good for their family and good for their businesses.

The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010，and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days—but only used 14 of them.France topped the list，with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued，but that’s not always good for the individual，the family or the employer.

Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this，the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker，making it actually more difficult to shift into less­stressed states，” Mulhern said.

小题1:How did the author introduce the topic of the text?

A．By making comparisons.

B．By giving an example.

C．By raising questions.　

D．By providing data.小题2:According to Natasha Withers，vacations can________.

A．weaken reaction system

B．cure serious diseases

C．reduce the level of well­being

D．decrease the risk of heart disease小题3:Expedia’s survey shows that Americans________.

A．dislike family gatherings

B．have the shortest vacation

C．enjoy as many vacations as the French

D．think much of spending long hours on the job小题4:What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．One should never wait to relax.

B．Work and rest go against each other.

C．Time and opportunity wait for no man.

D．A relaxed mind determines everything.小题5:What is mainly talked about in the text?

A．Ways to relax in one’s free time.

B．The benefits of taking time off.

C．Different opinions on holidays.

D．The Hostetlers always on the go.

答案

小题1:B

小题2:D

小题3:D

小题4:A

小题5:B

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。

小题1:解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。

答案：　B

小题2:解析：　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rest，relaxation，and  stress  reduction are very  important for people’s well­being and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。

答案：　D

小题3:解析：　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。

答案：　D

小题4:解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知，选A。A项意为“我们要及时休息”。

答案：　A

小题5:解析：　主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。

答案：　B

单项选择题

The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.

Dear Sirs,

Given all the coverage that the emergence of hybrid cars has received in your pages in recent months, your readers may be interested to learn that gasoline-electric hybrids are not a new phenomenon at all, but rather the latest incarnation of an idea that has been kicking around for over a century. Indeed, the hybrid car has been around almost as long as the automobile itself.

At the turn of the twentieth century, as the automotive age dawned, three power-generating technologies competed for dominance: steam, gasoline, and electricity. In the year 1900, steam was well known as the power source of the industrial revolution, and electricity was widely regarded as the power source of the future, so it was not at all obvious that internal combustion engines burning a fractional distillate of crude petroleum would have any particular edge in this race for the powertrains of America. Indeed, when engineer H. Piper filed the first patent application for a gasoline-electric hybrid motor in 1905, his intention was to use the gas to give a little kick to his perfectly serviceable electric engine. His goal: an engine that could accelerate from 0 to 25 miles per hour in 10 seconds.

Piper achieved his goal. Electric and hybrid-electric engines powered more than 35,000 vehicles sold in 1912. These cars were perfectly adequate for the time, but over the following decade they mostly disappeared from the market, through no fault of their own. The cause of their decline was the spectacular improvements in the cost and performance of gasoline-powered cars. An onslaught of fast and cheap internal combustion cars from Ford, General Motors, and Buick essentially buried the electric and electric-hybrid motors by the 1920s.

Continuing performance improvements in internal combustion engines and inexpensive gas pretty much kept hybrids buried until the oil crises of 1973 and 1979 gave Americans a reason to start thinking about fuel efficiency. Engineers had the motivation to think about fuel-efficient hybrids, but they still lacked the means to make hybrids economically competitive with gas-powered cars, because the performance of gas-electric engines lagged far behind that of gas-powered engines in acceleration, top speed, and cruising range.

Dramatic improvements in electronics and computer technology during the 1990s, however, finally made the hybrid a reality. Advances in battery performance and, most importantly, computer-guided electric power transfer created a car that could drive like a regular car, but do so on half the tank of gas. As another century dawns, perhaps we are entering into a new automotive age.

Which of the following examples of business and technology bears the most similarity to the history of the hybrid car, as presented in the passage ？（）

A. American aerospace companies in the 1960s created working prototypes of supersonic passenger aircraft that could complete intercontinental flights in half the time of conventional aircraft, but these projects were canceled because of concerns that the high-altitude craft posed too great a threat to the integrity of the ozone layer.

B. Although oil companies first attempted deep-sea drilling in the Gulf of Mexico in the 1930s, these deep-sea projects could not compete with land-based drilling projects until advances in drilling technology and the rising price of oil made deep-sea drilling economically viable in the late twentieth century.

C. Automakers in the 1980s, after concluding that the average driver could not be relied on to use seat belts consistently, chose to adopt airbags as a standard safety feature.

D. Lighter-than-air craft, such as Zeppelins, made up a substantial part of total air traffic in the early twentieth century, but they rapidly fell out of favor after airplanes proved to be a faster and safer form of transportation.

E. Although railroads carried more than 90 percent of all land-based commercial cargo in the United States in 1910, by 1980 railroads had been surpassed by trucks in total cargo carried, because of the greater speed and flexibility offered by the heavy truck as compared with the railroad.
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判断题

某工厂职工退休后2年内作出的与其在原单位承担的本职工作有关的发明创造为职务发明。()

A． 正确

B．错误
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